Week 1 Flashcards
(35 cards)
Most common type of joint between bones of the skull?
Synchondroses joint
Sutures are what type of joint?
Fibrous
What are the three main sutures of the head and what bones do they connect?
Coronal: Frontal and parietal bones
Sagittal: Both parietal bones
Lamboid: Occipital and parietal bones
Not fully fused bones in an infant are called… Which is the first to fuse?
Fontanelles. Anterior and Posterior are the main ones.
Sphenoid and posterior.
Occipital bone has what special prominences
Occipital protuberance
Occipital condyles
What are the facial sinuses?
Frontal sinus
Sphenoid sinus
Ethmoid air cells
Maxillary sinus
3 bones of the ear
Malleus, Incus, Stapes
What structures pass through the foramen magnum?
Medulla
Vertebral and Spinal arteries
What are the muscles of facial expression?
Occipital frontalis Orbicularis occuli - palpebral and orbital Orbicularis oris Zygomaticus Buccinator Masseter Platysma
What are the three branches of the trigeminal nerves? What nerve fibres do they carry and where do they exit the skull from?
V1: Opthalmic (Sensory), supraorbital fissure
V2: Maxillary (Sensory), foramen rotundum
V3: Mandibular (Sensory and Motor), foramen ovale
Cutaneous innervation of head?
Anteriorly: V1, V2, V3 do what they say they do.
Posteriorly: C2, C3, C4
Which layer of scalp has blood vessels present?
Dense connective tissue
What are the blood vessels of the scalp and where do they originate?
Supratrochlear - ICA Supraorbital - ICA Superficial temporal - ECA Posterior auricular artery - ECA Occipital artery -ECA
Small little holes at the top of the skull what are they for?
Emissary veins
Purpose of emissary veins?
Connect extracranial and intracranial venous systems
Facial nerve branches
Temporal Zygomatic Buccal Mandibular Cervical
Purpose of each muscle of facial expression:
Orbicularis occuli - palpebral and orbital
Occipitalis
Occipital frontalis
Buccinator
Platysma
Zygomaticus
Orbicularis occuli - palpebral: Gently close eyelids
Orbicularis occuli - orbital: Close eyes tightly
Occipitalis: retract scalp
Occipital frontalis: raise eyebrows
Buccinator: Aids mastication
Platysma: Wrinkles neck, frown muscles
Zygomaticus: Smiling muscles
Facial nerve palsy on one side leads to:
Facial drooping
Affected side corner of mouth pulled down
Affected side nasolabial fold lost
Affected eyelid relaxed
What structures pass into the parotid gland?
Facial nerve
External carotid artery
Retromandibular vein
What cranial nerve innervates parotid gland and what fibres does it carry?
Cranial nerve IX
Parasympathetic fibres
Which bones does the facial artery wind around to reach the face?
Mandibular (tortorous)
Which muscle on the side of the face lies immediately posterior to the facial artery as it enters?
Digastric
Which salivary gland does the facial artery groove?
Submandibular
Where does the facial artery end?
Terminates as angular nasal artery
