week 1

Question 1

Who believed psych was a study of consciousness

Answer 1

Wilhem Wundt

Question 2

What did Wilhelm Wundt do

Answer 2

Establish psychology as a distinct discipline, opened psych lab, viewed it as a science

Question 3

What is Occam’s Razor

Answer 3

When confronted with two or more equally good competing explanations, the most parsimonious is preferred

Question 4

What was the goal of the Behavioural Perspective?

Answer 4

To predict and control behaviour

Question 5

What temperament refers to the yellow bile

Answer 5

Choleric

Question 6

What did structuralism rely heavily on and who pioneered it

Answer 6

Introspection, Wilhelm Wudnt and Edward Titchener

Question 7

What is unconsciousness

Answer 7

Thoughts memories and desires that are below the surface of awareness and influence behaviour

Question 8

What are minds in substance dualism

Answer 8

Immaterial (spiritual, rather than physical)

Question 9

What did John B. Watson believe

Answer 9

That good science relies on good verifiability and psychologists were not using science to figure things out

Question 10

What is a Freudian slip

Answer 10

The unconcious thoughts slipping out

Question 11

What did humanists challenge

Answer 11

The determinism of behaviourism and psychoanalysis. (The idea that you could not control your behaviour)

Determinism was the belief that actions were outside of the human will

Question 12

Who was seen as the first psychologist

Answer 12

Hippocrates

Question 13

Who pioneered the Behavioural Perspective

Answer 13

John B. Watson

Question 14

What is one of the goals of psychology (c)

Answer 14

To control behaviour through knowledge of its causes to enhance human and animal welfare

Question 15

What is functionalism

Answer 15

A school of thought believing that the goal of psych was to analyze the function of consciousness not its structure

Question 16

What is behaviourism

Answer 16

The theory that scientific psychology should study observable behavour

Question 17

What is introspection

Answer 17

The looking into our own minds and reporting what we discover

Question 18

Who pioneered psychoanalysis

Answer 18

Sigmund Freud

Question 19

What is one of the goals of psychology (p)

Answer 19

To predict how people and animals will behave under certain conditions

Question 20

What temperament refers to the phlegm

Answer 20

Phlegmatic

Question 21

What did William James think conciousness was

Answer 21

A continuous flow

Question 22

What is one of the goals of psychology (e)

Answer 22

TO explain and understand the causes of these behaviours

Question 23

What was operant conditioning

Answer 23

method of learning that uses rewards and punishment to modify behavior

Question 24

What temperament refers to the black bile

Answer 24

Melancholic

Question 25

origin of ology

Answer 25

referring to the study of something

Question 26

What is substance dualism

Answer 26

Minds and bodies are distinct substances that interact

Question 27

What are bodies in substance dualism

Answer 27

material

Question 28

origin of Psych

Answer 28

referring to soul or spirit

Question 29

What is structuralism

Answer 29

A school of thought believeing that the goal of psychology was to analyze the basic elements of consciousness and examine how they are related

Question 30

What did Sigmund Freud do

Answer 30

Tried to explain personality, motivation, and mental disorders by focusing on **Unconscious** determinants of behaviour

Question 31

What is one of the goals of psychology (d)

Answer 31

To describe how people and other animals behave

Question 32

What is the mind-body problem

Answer 32

How do minds and bodies interact?

Question 33

What theory implied 4 fluids controlled things like your emotion, complexion, and temperament

Answer 33

Humoral theory

Question 34

What is the definition of psychology

Answer 34

The scientific study of the mind and behaviour

Question 35

What was the humanistic behaviour

Answer 35

A theoretical orientation that emphasized the unique qualities of humans, especially their own freedom and potential for personal growth

Question 36

What temperament refers to the Blood

Answer 36

Sanguine

Question 37

What did functionalism rely heavily on and who pioneered it

Answer 37

Inspired by darwins theory of natural selection, William James

Question 38

What did B.F skinner discover in relation to Behaviourism

Answer 38

Operant Conditioning

Question 39

What philosopher argued for substance dualism

Answer 39

Rene Descartes

Question 40

What was Decartes first principle

Answer 40

That his own mind exists

Question 41

What does parsimonious mean

Answer 41

To require the least amount of new assumptions

Question 42

Who pioneered the Humanistic perspective

Answer 42

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow

Question 43

What posed a problem to psychology

Answer 43

The behaviouristic perspective as it was very successful but unwanted

Question 44

What is cognitive psychology

Answer 44

to infer un-observative constructs (mental processes) to answer phenomena

Question 45

What is the biological perspective

Answer 45

Focuses on how brain processes and other bodily functions regulate behaviour

Question 46

What is clinical psychology

Answer 46

The branch of psych concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of problems and disorders

Question 47

Naive realism

Answer 47

The belief that what we see in the world is precisely as it is

Question 48

Who employed the scientific method

Answer 48

Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis

Question 49

Why was Semmelweis's mortality rate in his ward higher than the other

Answer 49

He hypthosesized that the doctors were transmitting the post mortem particles to these women delivering babies

Question 50

What is the scientific method

Answer 50

1. Identify the question of interest 2. Gather relevant information and formulate a testable hypothesis 3. Design a study that can test the hypothesis 4. Analyze the data and draw conclusions 5. Report the findings and ask further questions

Question 51

What is a deductive argument/statement

Answer 51

An argument which the conclusion necessarily follows the premise ## Footnote Since men are mortal and socrates is a man. Socrates is mortal

Question 52

Inductive argument/statement

Answer 52

An argument in which it is improbable that the conclusion is false given the premises are true

Question 53

What is inductive reasoning used to create

Answer 53

Theories

Question 54

When is a hypothesis falsafiable

Answer 54

When it is capable of being dispproved