Week 1

Question 1

Hydrochloric acid was known to European alchemists as

Answer 1

spirit of salt or acidum salis

Question 2

Common name for hydrochloric acid

Answer 2

muriatic acid

Question 3

muriatic means

Answer 3

pertaining to brine or salt

Question 4

muriate means

Answer 4

hydrochloride

Question 5

the name hydrochloric acid acid was coined by the French chemist

Answer 5

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac (1814)

Question 6

Gaseous HCl was called

Answer 6

marine acid air

Question 7

hydrochloric acid has been an important and frequently used chemical from early history and was discovered by the alchemist________ in the year_______

Answer 7

Jabir ibn Hayyan
800 AD

Question 8

It is a mixture of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, prepared by dissolving sal ammoniac in nitric acid

Answer 8

aqua regia

Question 9

aqua regia is prepared by

Answer 9

dissolving sal ammoniac nitric acid

Question 10

aqua regia was described in the work of

Answer 10

Pseudo-Geber

Question 11

the first mention of aqua regia is in _______ dating the end of the 13th century

Answer 11

Byzantine manuscripts

Question 12

Free hydrochloric acid was first formally described in the 16th century by ______

Answer 12

Libavius

Question 13

Libavius prepared free hydrochloric acid by

Answer 13

heating salt in clay crucibles

Question 14

_________ of Leeds, England prepared pure hydrogen chloride in _____

Answer 14

Joseph Priestley
1772

Question 15

He proved that the chemical composition included hydrogen and chlorine

Answer 15

Humphry Davy 1808

Question 16

A new industrial process
developed by _______ enabled cheap large-scale production of ______ (soda ash)

Answer 16

Nicolas Leblanc
sodium carbonate

Question 17

In the Leblanc process, common salt is converted to ______ using ______, ________and _______, releasing hydrogen chloride as by-product

Answer 17

soda ash
sulfuric acid
limestone
coal

Question 18

It was the transition to new manufacturing processes in Europe and the United States, in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840

Answer 18

Industrial revolution also known as the first industrial revolution

Question 19

This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, the increasing use of steam power and water power, the
development of machine tools and the rise of the mechanized factory system.

Answer 19

Industrial revolution also as first industrial revolution

Question 20

The act that mandates the soda ash producers were obliged to absorb the waste gas in water, producing hydrochloric acid on an industrial scale.

Answer 20

British alkali act 1863

Question 21

In the 20th century, the Leblanc process was effectively replaced by the _________ without a hydrochloric acid by-product.

Answer 21

Solvay process

Question 22

Is an industrial process for the production of hydrogen chloride and sodium sulfate from sulfuric acid and sodium chloride

Answer 22

Manheim process

Question 23

product produce of manheim process

Answer 23

hydrogen chloride and sodium sulfate

Question 24

raw materials of manheim process

Answer 24

sulfuric acid and sodium chloride

Question 25

is used to produce potassium sulfate from potassium chloride

Answer 25

manheim furnace

Question 26

is the stage in the leblanc process for the production of sodium carbonate

Answer 26

manheim process

Question 27

temperature of manheim furnace required

Answer 27

600- 700 degrees celsius

Question 28

The stationary plate is up to______ in diameter

Answer 28

6m or 20 ft

Question 29

is a clear, colorless, fuming, poisonous, highly acidic, aqueous solution

Answer 29

hydrochloric acid

Question 30

A saturated solution of hydrochloric contains about how many percent of HCl

Answer 30

43%

Question 31

Special alloys include______

Answer 31

tantalum, nickel-molybdenum

Question 32

Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid, since it is completely dissociated in water. It can therefore be used to prepare salts containing the Cl– anion called

Answer 32

chlorides

Question 33

least likely to undergo an interfering oxidation-reduction reaction

Answer 33

monoprotic acid

Question 34

Hydrochloric acid is frequently used in chemical analysis to _____ samples for analysis

Answer 34

prepare or digest

Question 35

30% to 35%, optimized to balance transport efficiency and product loss through evaporation.

Answer 35

bulk industrial-grade

Question 36

In the United States, solutions of between ________ are sold as muriatic acid

Answer 36

20% and 32%

Question 37

Solutions for household purposes in the US, mostly cleaning, are typically _______ with strong recommendations to dilute before use.

Answer 37

10% to 12%,

Question 38

what is the most common regeneration process

Answer 38

pyrohydrolysis process

Question 39

_____ are used as flocculation and coagulation agents in sewage treatment, drinking water production, and paper production

Answer 39

iron (III) chloride and polyaluminum chloride (PAC)

Question 40

used for electroplating

Answer 40

nickel (II) chloride

Question 41

used for galvanizing industry and battery production

Answer 41

zinc chloride

Question 42

in food industry, HCl is used as an ________ in product synthesis reactions to acidify a cornstarch solution and begin carbohydrate breakdown

Answer 42

acid-enzyme