Week 1

Question 1

What was the main quest of Analytic Philosophy in the early 20th Century?

Answer 1

Clean philosophy

Question 2

Wittgenstein believed that a picture must share a logical form with reality in order to represent it. T/F

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What three studies did Aristotle’s organon include?

Answer 3

Grammar,
Rhetoric,
Logic

Question 4

Syllogism

Answer 4

A form of reasoning where the conclusion is inferred from two premises

Question 5

Square of Oppositions

Answer 5

A logical diagram showing relationships between propositions

Question 6

Predicate of the sentence

Answer 6

What we say about the subject, like verbs and adjectives

Question 7

Subject of the sentence

Answer 7

The objects we talk about in a sentence, like nouns and pronouns

Question 8

Organon

Answer 8

A tool to argue convincingly, including grammar, rhetoric, and logic

Question 9

Logic is not used in the process of Database Query Optimization. T/F

Answer 9

False

Question 10

What did Frege introduce to avoid logical silliness as exemplified in Lewis Carroll’s ‘Alice in Wonderland’?

Answer 10

Quantifiers

Question 11

Leibnitz, Gödel, Russell, and Whitehead

Answer 11

Scholars who significantly advanced the study of logic

Question 12

Deductive reasoning

Answer 12

Drawing conclusions that must be true if the premises are true

Question 13

Trivium

Answer 13

Included logic as a central part of ancient Greek education

Question 14

Aristotle

Answer 14

Often considered the father of logic

Question 15

According to A.C. Grayling, philosophical logic and the philosophy of logic are the same thing T/F

Answer 15

False

Question 16

Employment of logic to encode and analyze legal documents, business rules, and regulations

Answer 16

Law and Regulation Encoding

Question 17

Improving the efficiency of database queries for faster and more accurate data retrieval

Answer 17

Database Query Optimization

Question 18

Identifying the causes of system failures and finding solutions

Answer 18

Failure Diagnosis

Question 19

Ensuring that engineering designs meet specified criteria and function as intended

Answer 19

Engineering Design Validation

Question 20

Use of logic to verify the validity of complex mathematical theorems

Answer 20

Mathematical Theorem Proving

Question 21

What was the main emphasis of Rudolf Carnap’s work?

Answer 21

Science

Question 22

Which philosopher’s later works exemplify a transition from a belief in finding truth through logic to a skepticism about such certainty?

Answer 22

Wittgenstein

Question 23

What is a tautology in logic?

Answer 23

A sentence that is true in all situations

Question 23

Logician - Incompleteness Theorem and influence on modern mathematical logic

Answer 23

Gödel

Question 24

Logician - Defining logical connectives in terms of truth and falsity

Answer 24

Wittgenstein

Question 25

Logician - Truth Tables and simplifying the representation of logical connectives

Answer 25

Frege

Question 26

Logician - Consistency in geometry and reduction as a tool

Answer 26

Hilbert

Question 27

What form of logic did David Hilbert pioneer?

Answer 27

Proof Theory

Question 28

What profession did Ludwig Wittgenstein give up to study philosophy

Answer 28

Engineering

Question 29

Logicians have successfully established that Logic as a discipline can definitively produce Reason. T/F

Answer 29

False

Question 30

Author - Logic is the beginning of wisdom, not the end.

Answer 30

Leonard Nimoy

Question 31

Author - Logic: The art of thinking and reasoning in strict accordance with the limitations and incapacities of the human misunderstanding.

Answer 31

Ambrose Bierce

Question 32

Author - Logic is the anatomy of thought.

Answer 32

John Locke

Question 33

Author - Pure logic is the ruin of the spirit.

Answer 33

Antoine de Saint-Exupery

Question 34

Author - Logic is the art of going wrong with confidence.

Answer 34

Joseph Wood Krutch

Question 35

Author - Logic is like the sword — those who appeal to it shall perish by it.

Answer 35

Samuel Butler

Question 36

Author - You can only find truth with logic if you have already found truth without it.

Answer 36

G. K. Chesterton

Question 37

Author - Logic will get you from A to B. Imagination will take you everywhere.

Answer 37

Albert Einstein

Question 38

Author - Logic takes care of itself; all we have to do is to look and see how it does it.

Answer 38

Ludwig Wittgenstein

Question 39

Author - Logic is in the eye of the logician.

Answer 39

Gloria Steinem

Question 40

Author - You can use logic to justify anything. That’s its power and its flaw.

Answer 40

Kate Mulgrew

Question 41

Who authored 'An introduction to philosophical logic'?

Answer 41

Grayling

Question 42

What did Frege's propositional calculus lack for formulating mathematics?

Answer 42

Numbers