Week 1

Question 1

Multiprogramming

Answer 1

• Run multiple application at the same time
• Protecting them from one another and sharing the CPU between them

Question 2

Hierarchical File System

Answer 2

Store data on disk persistently organized in a tree structure

Question 3

Plug and Play Devices

Answer 3

Software that allows external devices to interact with applications

Question 4

Virtual Memory

Answer 4

Store multiple applications in memory at the same time

Question 5

Graphical User Interface

Answer 5

• Allows users to develop, run, and interact with new applications.
• Good user interface allows operating systems to evolve from office machiens into machines usable by home users

Question 6

Operating Systems (OS)

Answer 6

-A piece of software that is layered between applications and hardware, allowing multiple applications to share the same physical machine resources and gain access to external devices

Question 7

Time-Sharing

Answer 7

The ability to share one physical compute resource among multiple applications.

Question 8

Linux

Answer 8

An open-source operating system commonly used on both home and
server machines. Linux is closely modelled after its predecessor Unix

Question 9

Unix

Answer 9

A well-known operating system developed by Bell Labs that has many
of the features used in modern operating systems, such as time-sharing, a Shell, and a hierarchical file system.

Question 10

Ubuntu

Answer 10

A popular distribution of Linux that is considered easy to install and
easily usable by the non-expert

Question 11

Virtualization

Answer 11

A method for dividing up physical compute resources into logical separate units usable by different users. The most common example is running multiple operating systems that share one physical machine.

Question 12

Embedded Operating System

Answer 12

An operating system for small devices like sensor networks, or specialized hardware used in airplanes, home appliances, and other mobile devices.

Question 13

Vagrant

Answer 13

A software that automates the process of installation of virtual machines.

Question 14

Virtual Machine

Answer 14

A piece of software that emulates a physical machine, but is actually an application running on an existing operating system

Question 15

Host OS

Answer 15

The operating system that runs on the actual hardware

Question 16

Guest OS

Answer 16

The operating system that runs in the virtual machine.

Question 17

Virtual Box

Answer 17

An open-source software that enables us to run virtual machines

Question 18

Code Repository

Answer 18

A service that stores multiple versions of code, either in the cloud or locally on a server machine.

Question 19

Version control

Answer 19

The ability to manage and change across multiple versions of digital content, typically software

Question 20

Git

Answer 20

An open-source popular version control software.

Question 21

Pull (from code repository/Git)

Answer 21

Getting a version of software from a code repository

Question 22

Push (from code repository/Git)

Answer 22

Pushing locally committed software changes into a codoe repo

Question 23

Merge (in git repository)

Answer 23

Pulling in changes from a code repository and combining the changes with local changes, before pushing the combined

Question 24

What are the physical hardware in an OS?

Answer 24

Motherboard/GPU/external devices like mouse or keyboard

Question 25

What parts of the computer are part of the Operating System?

Answer 25

The kernel, compilers, editors, and shell

Question 26

What is the point of having an operating system?

Answer 26

It allows applications/user to iteract with the the underlying hardware

Question 27

What are system call APIs?

Answer 27

Commands that the user/code will use to make contact with the underlying system/OS

Question 28

What is a process?

Answer 28

A program in execution

Question 29

What is an Init Process?

Answer 29

The first process started up when you boot up the computer

Question 30

What is the system processes?

Answer 30

Other processes when your computer is booted. SSH server for log in

Question 31

What PID will the child get if fork is called in the parent?

Answer 31

0

Question 32

How to execuate a command with exec with bin/ls?

Answer 32

exec("/bin/ls")

Question 33

Explain the wait(&status) command

Answer 33

Wait is called and the parent pauses, status stores the termination return value of a child and once its status is returned the parent process resumes

Question 34

Explain exit(int status)

Answer 34

0 means exit success 1 means exit failure Better to have #define EXIT_SUCCESS = 0 and have exit(EXIT_SUCCESS) instead

Question 35

Explain the kill(pid, sig) execution

Answer 35

Kill will send a signal(sig) to the process ID (pid) Sig can be SIGKIL which will forcefully end a process or the default which is gracefully end a process

Question 36

What happens when a process is killed?

Answer 36

All of its resources and memory location is freed