week 1

Question 1

what are the 5 key actions of the Ottawa charter?

Answer 1

*Build healthy public policy

*Create supportive environments

*Strengthen community action

*Develop personal skills

*Reorient health services toward preventing diseases and promoting health

Question 1

What is population Health?

Answer 1

An overarching approach to health that targets the improvement of specific groups toward reducing health inequities

Question 2

What is primary care?

Answer 2

“first line” of clinical services that provides an entry point to the health care system

Question 3

whose influence and record-keeping that authorities were persuaded to implement sanitation practices that significantly decreased the death rates during the Crimean war?

Answer 3

Florence Nightingale

Question 4

The process of systematic collection, orderly consolidation, analysis, and evaluation of pertinent data with prompt dissemination of the results to those who need to know is referred to as

Answer 4

surveillance

Question 5

This was established in September 2004 and was confirmed as a legal entity in December 2006

Answer 5

Public health agency of Canada

Question 6

According to the Public health agency of Canada, what is Population health?

Answer 6

“an approach to health that aims to improve the health of the entire population and to reduce health inequities among population groups….it acts upon the broad range of factors and conditions that have a strong influence on our health”

Question 7

What is fundamental to health promotion?

Answer 7

Social determinants of health

Question 8

what do upstream interventions target?

Answer 8

social and structural determinants of health

Question 9

What do midstream interventions target?

Answer 9

inequities in environments and living conditions

Question 10

what are downstream interventions targeted to?

Answer 10

changing individual behaviour, building skills, and/or treating the health issues

Question 11

What is primary care?

Answer 11

“first line” of clinical services that provides an entry point to the health care system

Question 12

What are the 5 principles of Primary Health care?

Answer 12

1.Accessibility,
2.Public participation,
3.Health promotion,
4.Appropriate technology
5. Intersectoral collaboration or co-operation

Question 13

what are the 5 key actions of the Ottawa charter?

Answer 13

1.Build healthy public policy
2. Create supportive environments
3. Strengthen community action
4. Develop personal skills
5. Reorient health services toward preventing diseases and promoting health.

Question 14

What is the population health promotion model?

Answer 14

4 part structure that helps us understand the who, what, how, and why of intervention or action on multiple levels across a society to create healthy change

Question 15

what are the 4 parts of the population health model?

Answer 15

1. determinants of health (what)
2. Foundations (why)
3. the levels of action (who)
4. action strategies (how) - these are the Ottawa charter actions

Question 16

how does the CNA encourage nurses to support the health of society?

Answer 16

by promoting public policies that address the social determinants of health

Question 17

What are the 4 P’s of social marketing?

Answer 17

Product
Price
Place
Promotion

Question 18

What is an example of social marketing?

Answer 18

pictures on smoking boxes

Question 19

what are 3 very important things nurses do in Health promotion practice?

Answer 19

1. research
2. activism
3. advocacy

Question 20

in upstream/downstream, primoridial prevention is which?

Answer 20

the most upstream

Question 21

What is primordial prevention?

Answer 21

things that change public policy - change societal structures

Question 22

What is primary prevention?

Answer 22

measures that alter exposure to disease.
like immunizations
secondary to primordial prevention

Question 23

What is secondary prevention?

Answer 23

measures that detect pathological processes early on. Such as population based screenings

Question 24

What is tertiary prevention?

Answer 24

measures that prevent relapse and further deterioration eg) follow up care and rehab

Question 25

what is quaternary prevention?

Answer 25

the most downstream measures to identify people who are at risk at harms from over medicalization eg) overdiagnosing and polypharmacy

Question 26

what 2 preventions are in the etiologic stage of disease process?

Answer 26

Primodial primary

Question 27

what are socioenvironmental strategies geared towards?

Answer 27

Policy, determinants of health, structural issues

Question 28

What does it mean to work midstream?

Answer 28

changing the CAUSES of health issues eg) housing, employment, food security

Question 29

What does it mean to work upstream

Answer 29

changing /diminishing the causes of the CAUSES of health issues eg) social status, income, racism - basically socially constructed social issues that create barriers. policy change

Question 30

what is an example of upstream when dealing with smoking?

Answer 30

Policy Legislation to limit ability of tobacco companies to advertise (or sell) their products Reducing social conditions that predispose people to smoke in the first place (e.g., poverty, unemployment, low education, social exclusion/marginalization)

Question 31

What is an example of midstream when thinking of smoking issues?

Answer 31

Community Smoking prevention programs in schools Social marketing/media campaigns to communicate risks of smoking Enforcing bans on sales of cigarettes to minors

Question 32

What is an example of downstream when thinking of smoking?

Answer 32

individual/family level Smoking cessation therapy/techniques for individuals Counselling individuals re: healthy ways to deal with stress

Question 33

What are the 4 values of health promotion?

Answer 33

1.Social justice 2.Equity in health 3.Social responsibility for health 4.The public/common good