WEEK 1 Flashcards
(18 cards)
Science
In biology, the observation, identification, experimental investigation, and theoretical explanation of natural phenomena.
Scientific Method
A series of steps to test the validity (rationality) of a hypothesis. This approach often involves a comparison between control and experimental groups.
Reductionism
An approach that involves reducing complex systems to simpler components as a way to understand how the system works. In biology, reductionists study the parts of a cell or organism as individual units.
Biology Systems
A field of study in which researchers investigate living organisms in terms of the interactions among their underlying networks - groups of structural and functional connections - rather than their individual molecular components.
Hypothesis
In biology, a proposed explanation for a natural phenomenon that is based on previous observations or experimental studies.
Prediction
An expected outcome based on a hypothesis that can be shown to be correct or incorrect through observation or experimentation.
Testable
Key characteristics of a useful hypothesis: that it can be accepted or rejected based on experimentation.
Falsifiable
Refers to a hypothesis that can be shown to be incorrect based on additional observations or experimentation.
Theory
In biology, a broad explanation of some aspect of the natural world that is substantiated by a large body of evidence. Biological theories incorporate observations, hypothesis testing , and the laws of other disciplines such as chemistry and physics. A theory makes a valid predictions.
Evidence
Information collected through experiments, observations, or data. It is usually used to
support a hypothesis
Discovery Science
The collection and analysis of data without the need for a preconceived hypothesis; also called discovery-based science.
Hypothesis Testing
Also known as the scientific method, a strategy for formulating and testing the validity of a hypothesis.
Experimental Group
The sample in an experiment that is subjected to some type of variation that does not occur for the control group.
Control Group
The sample in an experiment that is treated just like an experimental group except that it is not subjected to one particular variable.
Repeatability
The ability to replicate an experiment and get similar results multiple times.
Peer-review
A procedure in which experts in particular area evaluate papers submitted to scientific journals.
Scientific Model
In biology, a conceptual, mathematical, or physical depiction of a real-world phenomenon.
Cognitive Bias
A tendency to make decisions based on personal views leading to incorrect conclusions.
