Week 1 Flashcards
VO2 (mL/kg/min) Equation
- VO2 (L/min) x 1000
- Divided by Weight
Running Economy / VO2 (mL/kg/km) Equation
- VO2 x 60
- Divided by (k/per hour)
Where does Anaerobic and Aerobic processes happen during Glycolysis
anerobic = cytosol
aerobic = mitochondria
ATP-PC
- Time
- Example
- 10 seconds
- 100 meter sprint
Anaerobic Glycolysis
- Time
- Example
- 10-30 seconds
- 200-400 meters
Aerobic System
- Time
- Example
- 30+ seconds
- 800-3000 meters
Benefits of Rolling Starts
allows sprinters to reach top speed during training
Benefits of Assisted Sprints
improves stride frequency
Running Economy
The oxygen cost of running at a given submaximal speed
think about definition
Why is RE Important
- Determines endurance performance
- Measures how runners can use less oxygen at a given pace, allowing energy conservation
RER
VCO2/VO2
- Reflects catabolism of foods in cell and tissue
- determinds mix of food e.g. CHO and fats
RER less or more than 1
- Less than 1 - fat conversion
-Over 1 - carb conversion
MMEC
Physiological Factors Affecting RE
- muscle metabolism (higher mitochondria)
- muscle fibre type (slow twitch - more oxidative)
- elastic energy storage in tendons
- core temperature
Benefits of carbon shoes
increase storage of elastic energy
BC, SL and GRF?
Anthropometric and Biomechanical Factors
- body composition (less mass in lower limbs for less weight, narrow pelvis)
- stride length/kinematics (O2 efficacy, less bouncy movements and efficient technique)
- GRF (low GRF vertically and less contact w ground)
Haemoglobin
what is it also binded with
carries 4 oxygen molecules binded with iron subunits in red blood cells
TBV in athletes
- higher = greater cardiac output
- higher HB mass
higher intravascular volume
think about effects and what increases
Athlete’s Anaemia
during exercise where there is total blood volume increase and haematocrit (RBC percentage in blood) decrease, causing impaired performance
Erythropoiesis
exercise -> TBV increase -> haematocrit decrease (athlete anaemia) -> decreased arterial O2 content -> decreased kidney pressure -> erythropoietin (hormone in kidneys signalling EPO) -> erythropoiesis (rbc increase from bone marrow)
Hypoxia
decreased O2 levels in tissue
Altitude Training
process
less partial pressure/arterial oxygen saturation –> hypoxia –> decreased kidney pressure –> kidneys secrete erythropoietin –> increased rbc volume
what do they do? think about hours and percentages
Live High Train Low
- method where athletes live in high altitudes for EPO increase (2000-2500 meters)
- living 14-20 hours per day for 4 weeks
- train at low altitudes to maintain quality of work
- increase of 7-8% of EPO / VT (7%)
