week 1

Question 1

difference between seagrass and algae and seaweed

Answer 1

Seagrass
- Has a root system
- Photosynthesis occurs in the cells of the leaves
- Produces flowers and seeds
- Has a vein system to carry food throughout the plant
- Parts of the plant includes leaves, rots, rhizomes shoots, flowers and seeds

Seweed/ algae
- No roots, has holdfasts instead
- Photosynthesis occurs in all the cells
- Produces spores doesn’t flower ot produce seeds
- Does not hve a vein system to carry food throughout the plate
- Parts of the plant include blades, holdfasts and stipe.

Question 2

why are marine plants important?

Answer 2

• Primary producers (base of food chain)
• Habitat for other plants and animals
• Oxygen production : contributes more that 60 % comes from the ocean
• Filter pollutants from water
• Stabilize the sediment
• Bioabsoption and bioremediation
• ## High value bioproducts

Question 3

adaptations of marine plants

Answer 3

• Flexible structures to withstand wave action
• Specialized pigments )fucoxanthin) to absorb various light wavelengths
• Salt tolerant mechanisms to regulate internal salinity
• Air baldders in macroalgae for buoyancy and light absorption
• Can produce seeds that float and have structures that are flexible to move with ocean current

Question 4

whats the study of algae

Answer 4

phycology

Question 5

quick facts about alage

Answer 5

• Single celled or colonies without any specialization (0.2 and 200 um)
• Phytoplankton : microscopic algae that form the base of the marine food web
• Cultivation easier and more controllable but harvesting more complicated
• Important component of the aquatic ecosystem productivity (49%), diversity and functioning.
• Contribute to climate change mitigation through carbon fixation

Question 6

what are the 4 types of algae structures

Answer 6

unicellular
colonial
filamentous
multicellular

Question 7

what the cell theory

Answer 7

Cell theory explains the relationship between life and properties of cells
It says:
- all organisms contist of one or more cells
- The cell is the basic unit of all organisms
- All cells come from pre-existing living cells

Question 8

list common components in all cells

Answer 8

1. Plasma membrane – an outer covering that separated the cells interior from it environment
2. Cytoplasm material within the cell in which other cellular components are found
3. Dna the genetic material of the cell
4. Ribosomes, structures that makes proteins

Question 9

what limits cell size?

Answer 9

• Despite the variety of forms cells are limited in size
• To successfully survive, cells need to exchange gases, nutrients, wastes and other molecules with their environment and to transport material within the cell

Problems for large cells
- Info transfer
- Rate of diffusion
- Not enough SA to effectively transport particles in and out of cell
Lower limt of cell size; minimus amount of space it would take to hold all the essential cell structures
Upper limit of cell size ability of the cells to supplt is metabolic needs