Week 1 Flashcards
Parotid glands deliver saliva via the
Duct of Stensen
Submandibular glands deliver saliva via the
Duct of Wharton
Sublingual glands deliver saliva via the
Duct of Rivinus & common Bartholin
Point at which saliva enters the mouth (under the tongue)
Sublingual caranucla
Most common type of oesophageal cancer
Squamous cell carcinoma
Example sociological determinants of health
Gender, age, marital status, education, socioeconomic status, income, ethnicity
Influences on dietary change
Awareness, access, acceptability, affordability.
5 stages of behavioural change counselling:
1) Ask
2) Assess
3) Advise
4) Agree
5) Assist
Innervation of the muscles of mandible
CN V3. (Trigeminal)
The temporalis muscles (open/close) the jaw. They connect from the _____ process to the _____ fossa.
Close, coronoid, temporal.
The masseter muscles (open/close) the jaw. They connect from the ____ of the mandible to the _____.
Close, angle, zygomatic arch.
The medial pyteroid muscles (open/close) the jaw. They connect from the _____ of the mandible to the _____ _____ of the _____ bone
Open. Condyle. Pyteroid plate. Sphenoid.
The lateral pyteroid muscles (open/close) the jaw. They connect from the ____ of the mandible to the _____ of the _____ bone
Close. Angle. Pyteroid plate. Sphenoid bone.
The mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve supplies motor/sensory/both types of nerves?
Both
Where is CN V3 attached to in the brain?
Pons
Describe the intracranial passage of CN V3
Inferior to the edge of the tentorium cerebelli, between the posterior and middle cranial fossae.
Which part of the base of the skull does the CN V3 pass through?
Foramen ovale in the sphenoid bone.
The posterior third of the tongue is in which cavity
Oropharynx
Taste and general sensation of the posterior part of the tongue is transmitted via which CN?
CN IX (AKA glossopharyngeal)
Taste in the region of the anterior part of the tongue is transmitted through which cranial nerve?
CN VII (AKA Facial) via the chorda tympani.
General sensation of the anterior part of the tongue is transmitted via which cranial nerve?
CN V3.
Which type of papillae have taste buds present?
Foliate and vallate.
Which type of papillae sense temperature and touch?
Filiform.
The facial nerve connects to the brain at….
The junction between the pons and medulla
The intracranial path of the facial nerve is….
Directly into the acoustic meatus in the posterior fossa.
The base of the skull path of the facial nerve is
Through the stylomastoid foramen in the temporal bone.
Sensation in the SUPERIOR part of the oral cavity is provided by which cranial nerve?
CN V2
Sensation in the INFERIOR part of the oral cavity is provided by which cranial nerve?
CN V3
The sensation of the gag reflex is carried by which CN?
CN IX
The motor fibers of the gag reflex are carried by which CN?
CN IX and X. (9 and 10 gag again)
Spraying local anesthetic at the oropharynx will block which CNs?
V2, V3, VII, IX.
CN V2 is which division of the trigeminal nerve?
Maxilllary
CN V2 passes through which foramen in the base of the skull?
Foramen rotundum
CN IX plugs into which region of the brain
Medulla
CN IX passes through which structure at the base of the skull
Jugular foramen, in the notch between the occipital and temporal bones.
CN IX supplies sympathetic/parasympathic innervation to parotids
Parasympathetic
CN IX passes along the anterior/posterior wall of the oropharynx
Posterior
The parotid gland secrets into the mouth at which point
Upper 2nd molar
The submandibulgar glands secretes via which structure
The lingual carnucle.
The sublingual gland secrets via which structures
Ducts of Rivinus and common Bartholin
Parotid innervation is provided by which CN?
CN IX
Submandibular innervation provided by which CN?
CN VII
Sublingual innervation provided by which CN?
CN VII.
The tongue is suspended by how many pairs of muscles?
4
Extrinsic muscles of the tongue do what?
Change the position of the tongue during speech/mastication
Intrinsic muscles of the tongue do what?
Move tongue mainly dorsally and modify the shape of the tongue
All muscles of the tongue are innervated via CN __ EXCEPT the ______
CN XII (Hypoglossal). Palatoglossus.
CN XII plugs into where of the brain?
Rootlets which attach to the medulla oblongata
CN IXX travels along the ____ ____ at the anterior wall of the foramen magnum
Hypoglossal canal
The pharynx muscles are innervated by CNs
CN X and CN IX.
The pharynx muscles insert into the
Midline raphe.
Which CN prevent drooling
CN VII
Which CN controls tongue and pushes bolus posteriorly?
CN XII
Cn of pharyngeal muscles
CN X and CN IX
Sympathetics have which effect on peristalsis
Speed up
The constriction of the upper oesophageal sphincter is due to which muscles?
Cricopharyngneus muscles
The oesophagus begins at which structure? What’s the corresponding vertebral level?
Cricopharyngenus muscles. C6.
The change in the mucosa from oesophageal to gastric is termed the _ ______
Z-line
The stomach lies mainly in which regions
Left hypochondrium, epigastric, umbillical.
Digestable carbohydrates provide which % of energy requirement?
45%