Week 1 Flashcards
(29 cards)
What are the 4 simple local interactions rules
- Don’t get too close to the nearest bird
- Maintain at least one bird distance
- If moving, move in the same direction as the next organism
- Avoid being isolated
Why study movement coordination and control
- Understanding processes of perception, cognition and action in human behaviour
- Study of CNS and behaviour
- How do children learn movement skills?
- How should training programmes be designed in commerce and industry
- Environmental design for ageing individuals to remain active
- Organisation of practice conditions by coach?
- Role of the coach?
What is the traditional cognitive science approach: The computer metaphor
- Process oriented approach
- Brain, a representational information processing device
- A sophisticated computer
- Interprets info, makes decisions
What is the cognitive/ information processing approach?
- Mind (mental processes) drives body (physical machinery)
- Hierarchical control system
What is the basic premise of the cognitive/ information processing approach?
- Motor control is the consequence of mental processes, which, though not directly observable, may be studied by the systematic observation of overt motor behaviour
Limitations of the cognitive/information processing approach?
- Does not explain movement phenomena
- Limited to what can be directly observed
Define information processing
- The neural events associated with the production of movement can be viewed in abstract way an information flow
A major tool in the study of information processing is?
Reaction time
Define reaction time
A measured used to investigate cognitive or motor processes
Four stages of information processing
Stimulus detection - stimulus identification - response selection - response programming
What are the 3 types of reaction times
Simple reaction time (SRT)
Choice reaction of time (CRT)
Discrimination (GO - No Go)
Define Simple reaction time (SRT)
A single stimulus paired with a single response
Define choice reaction time (CRT)
Two or more stimuli, each paired with a separate response
Discrimination (GO - No Go)
Two or more stimuli, but a single response is required to just one of the stimuli
Reaction time stage duration estimation equation
Response selection time = choice RT - Discrimination RT
Stimulus identification time = Discrimination RT - simple RT
What are the 4 factors that affect stimulus detection
Luminance, size, contrast
Amplitude (Loudness)
Name and define the factor that effects stimulus identification
Discriminability
- The ease with which two or more stimuli may be distinguished
3 factors that effect response selection
- Number and probability of alternatives
- Stimulus - response compatibility: higher compatibility = faster RTs
- Practice - extended practice decreases RT
Factors that effect response programming
Response complexity: duration; number movement segments
Behavioural neuroscience
Define Behavioural neuroscience
The relationship between psychological modelling and neuroscience
Define movement coordination
- Bringing parts of body into proper relation with each other or with important objects or environmental surfaces during functional, goal - directed behaviour
Key characteristics of complex systems in nature
- Complex, highly interconnected
- Many system components configurable in different ways
- Inherent self - organisation processes
- Emergent pattern formation between system components under constraints
- Coupling of information and action
The role of stability and variability in system behaviour
What is the degrees of freedom problem
- Biological problem of coordination of many individual elements to allow controlled movement to occur
Define degrees of freedom
The number of independent axes around which a joint can move
