Week 1- ANS Flashcards by Katherine M

what are the effects of adrenergic blocking agents?

inhibit or lyse stimulation of sympathetic nervous system and NT’s

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What are the 3 basic nervous system functions?

Recognizing sensory input or stimuli

Processing and integrating the stimuli

Reacting and responding to the stimuli (producing the motor output)

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What are the effects of beta adrenergic agonists?

know all: bronchial, GI smooth muscle, and uterine smooth muscle relaxation, glycogenolysis, and cardiac stimulation

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Which NT is dopamine similar to and what is its mechanism of action?

similar to epinephrine (even though it is an inhibitory NT) that causes vasodilation of select arteries = increased blood flow in the renal, mesenteric, coronary and cerebral arteries.

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the Nervous–>PNS–> MOTOR division is further divided into what?

Somatic Nervous system and Autonomic Nervous systen (ANS)

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what do alpha2 adrenergic receptors do?

control release of NE located on the presynaptic nerve terminal

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What is the mechanism of cholinergic antagonists?

drugs that inhibit or block action of ACH in parasympathetic nervous system

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Most imp NT’s (or chemical msg) in Pharm are?

*DEANS*

Dopamine

Epinephrine

Acetylcholine

Norepinephrine

Serotonin

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What do alpha1 adrenergic receptors do?

target cell muscle or organ stimulated by nerve located on postsynaptic effector target

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What are the effects of cholinergic agonists?

*SLUDGE*

Salivation

Lacrimation

Urinary Incontinence

Diarrhea

GI cramps

Emesis

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where are beta- adrenergic receptors located?

all are located on the postsynaptic effector cells

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What is the basic functional unit of the nervous system?

the neuron

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Where are the NT in axon terminals held?

vesicles

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Where are the postganglionic neurons located?

outside the CNS in the PNS bc its axon terminates the signal on the effector cell/tissue/or organ. *** (CNS)pregang—ganglia synapse ANS—post(PNS)

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What are the two major control systems?

Endocrine–> Slow control

Nervous –> Fast control

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what is the originating neuron called?

presynaptic neuron

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what is the receiving neuron called?

postsynaptic neuron

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define: Adrenergic agonists

aka sympathomimetics bc they stimulate the sympathetic nervous system

mimic: EPI, NE mainly ALPHA-adrenergic effects

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define: synaptic cleft

gap btw adjacent neurons

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What are ganglia and what is their purpose?

clusters of neuron cell bodies OUTSIDE the CNS that serve as synapse stations for ANS

WHat do both major control systems use to transmit info as messengers?

Both use Chemicals

Endocrine: uses hormones Nervous: uses NT

Define: Sensory division

or Afferent division: nerve fibers that carry info to the CNS

What are the two types of cholinergic receptors?

remember that it binds with ACH Muscarinic and Nicotinic receptors

the ANS has what type of control over which muscle or tissue?

Involuntary control (vs voluntary like the somatic ) over smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glandular tissue

What are the two major nervous systems?

CNS and PNS

Where are the beta1 and beta2 adrenergic receptors found?

1 heart, 2 lungs beta1- primarily in the heart beta2- in smooth muscle like bronchioles, arterioles, and visceral organs

Define: synapse

junction btw nerves

What is in the gray matter of the CNS?

neuron cell bodies, tracts and unmyelinated axons

Name the excitatory NT's and what they do?

They stimulate(\*excite\*) the nerve impulse: dEANs EPI, ACH, NE

Adrenergic receptors are sub-divided into which receptors and what do they bind to?

Alpha-adrenergic receptors- binds to NE Beta-adrenergic receptors- binds to EPI

What are the effects of the beta2 adrenergic agonist drugs?

2 lungs- bronchodilation, uterine relaxation, glycogenolysis in the liver (glycogen--\>glucose)

Neurons have two specialized extensions: axons and dendrites. Which conducts toward the cell and which conducts away from the cell?

dendrites: conduct toward the cell Axons: conduct Away from the cell

What are the effects of alpha adrenergic agonists?

vasoconstriction and stimulation the CNS, male ejaculation, decreased insulin release

Name the 3 Types of NT receptors?

\*CAD\* Cholinergic- binds to ACH Adrenergic- binds to Catecholamines (EPI, NE) Dopaminergic- binds to dopamine

which bodily functions are regulated by the ANS?

**RUBD**o**W**n- **BH** **R**espiration **U**rinary excretion **BP** Digestive fx **W**ater balance **B**ody Temp **H**eart Rate

Sympathetic branch is known as what?

fight or flight

What are the functions of the ANS?

regulate and integrate the body's internal functions integrate parts of the CNS and PNS to react to changes in the internal and external environment

parasympathetic is known as what?

rest and digest

Nervous--\>PNS--\> MOTOR division--\> ANS is divided into??

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic branch

Where are preganglionic neuron cell bodies located?

inside the CNS \*\*\* (CNS)pregang---ganglia synapse ANS---post(PNS)

Where are the beta1 adrenergic agonists located?

1 heart- located in the myocardium AV node and SA node

What are the effects of the beta1 adrenergic agonist drugs?

cardiac stimulation: positive inotropic(force of contraction), positive chronotropic (heart rate), and positive dromotropic effect (conduction speed of AV node).

What is the PNS divided into?

Sensory and Motor divisions

why are NT, axons, and neurons imp in pharm?

Bc many drugs act like NT, some block the NT form binding to its receptor and some enhance NT action

Define: Motor Division

or Efferent division (E for effort of a motor): nerve fibers that carry impulses away from the CNS, to the effector cell/tissue

What are other names of adrenergic-blocking agents?

adrenergic antagonist or sympatholytics

Name the Inhibitory NT's and what they do?

They inhibit the nerve impulse. (**D**ean**S** + **G)** Dopamine, Serotonin and GABA

what are cholinergic agonists?

drugs that bind to cholinergic receptors- act like ACH aka parasympathomimetics

When NT crosses the synapse what does it bind with on the effector structure (target tissue)?

Specific Receptors