Week 1 ATI Review Module Chapter notes Flashcards

(77 cards)

1
Q

Does postpartum psychosis have a gradual or sudden
onset?

A

sudden

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2
Q

chorioamnionitis

A

​​​​​An infection in the amniotic sac.

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3
Q

ectopic pregnancy

A

Implantation of a pregnancy in an area outside the uterus, often occurring in the fallopian tubes.

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4
Q

intrauterine fetal demise

A

Also known as stillbirth, it is a fetal death occurring at or beyond 20 weeks of gestation or if the fetus weighed 350 grams or more.

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5
Q

preeclampsia

A

A serious complication of pregnancy occurring after 20 weeks of gestation, in which a client’s blood pressure value is above 140/90 mm Hg. It can be accompanied by proteinuria, edema, headache, and vision changes. Preeclampsia can become severe, resulting in seizures.

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6
Q

vasa previa

A

A condition that occurs when some of the umbilical cord blood vessels run near or across the internal cervical orifice.

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7
Q

Primary level of prevention

A

Preventative measures (immunizations and smoking cessation)

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8
Q

Secondary level of prevention

A

Early-stage disease detection (such as Pap smears and prostate cancer screenings)

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9
Q

Tertiary level of prevention

A

Helping a client manage and decrease long-term manifestations of existing conditions

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10
Q

spontaneous abortions

A

Spontaneous pregnancy loss that occurs prior to 20 weeks of gestation.

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11
Q

Which of the following manifestations should a client expect during the first trimester of pregnancy?

A

nausea.
frequent urination.
fatigue.

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12
Q

perimenopause

A

periods are irregular.

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13
Q

basal body temperature

A

A person’s lowest temperature at rest on a given day, which can be used to help predict ovulation.

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14
Q

tubal ligation

A

It prevents eggs from reaching the uterus

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15
Q

function of the uterus

A

Supports menstruation, implantation, gestation, and
labor

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16
Q

When does HcG begin to be
detectable in a pregnant client?

A

6 to 8 days after ovulation

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17
Q

barrier types of birth control

A

condom,
sponges,
diaphragms

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18
Q

what does a pap test screen for?

A

cervical cancer screening starting at age 21

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19
Q

A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing the shedding of the lining of the uterus as part of their menstrual cycle. Which of the following phases should the nurse expect the client to be in?

Menstruation

Luteal phase

Ovulation

Follicular phase

A

Menstruation

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20
Q

prenatal visits

A
  • Weeks 4-28: every 4 weeks
  • Weeks 28 - 36: every 2 weeks
  • Weeks 36- 40: every week
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21
Q

A nurse is planning reproductive care for a client who has a high risk of contracting an STI. Which of the following methods of birth control should
the nurse recommend? (Select all that apply.)

External condom

Diaphragm

Cervical cap

Sponge with spermicide

Contraceptive implant

A

External condom

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22
Q

A nurse is caring for a client who is 37 years old and pregnant. The nurse recognizes that this client is at an increased risk for developing which of
the following complications? (Select all that apply.)

Gestational diabetes

Thyroid disease

Low blood pressure

Fetal chromosomal abnormalities

Heart disease

A

Gestational diabetes.

Fetal chromosomal abnormalities.

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23
Q

four hormones work together to prepare the female reproductive system for the possibility of conception.

A

FSH.
Estrogen.
Progesterone.
Luteinizing hormone

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24
Q

discharge characteristics during ovulation

A

more mucus is produced and clear in color

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25
function of Bartholin's glands
secrete mucus to lubricate the vagina during sex
26
parity
The number of times a person has given birth.
27
menarche
The beginning of menstruation.
28
risk factors for pelvic organ prolapse
History of four vaginal births. Cigarette smoking.
29
urethrovaginal fistula
abnormal connection between the vagina and the urethra
30
dysmenorrhea
painful cramps right before menstruation
31
dyspareunia
Pain during sexual intercourse.
32
Treatment of follicular cysts
Ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone. (Class: Estrogen and progestin combination)
33
Sex chord-stromal tumor
an ovarian anomaly that should be removed surgically as they have a chance of being malignant
34
oligomenorrhea
Infrequent menstrual periods.
35
oligoovulation
Infrequent ovulation, leading to irregular or missed menstrual periods.
36
common manifestations of PCOS (Polycystic ovarian syndrome )
Hirsutism. Anomalous periods. Insulin resistance
37
menorrhagia
heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding.
38
metrorrhagia
Unexpected uterine bleeding.
39
characteristics of endometriosis
pain and abnormal uterine bleeding. Chronic, inflammatory condition in which endometrial tissue grows outside of the uterus.
40
what is the most common STI and most common cause of PID (Pelvic inflammatory disease)?
Chlamydia
41
Leiomyomas
benign tumor from the uterine muscle
42
Naegele’s Rule
To determine estimated date of delivery. Patient’s LMP + 7 days + forward to 9 months
43
Risk factors for gestational diabetes
Obesity, Family history, Maternal age of over 25
44
Diet changes for gestational diabetes
Limit carb intake of 45-65% of a 2,000 Kcal daily diet
45
Biophysical Profile test
For pregnant women w/ gestational diabetes. The test includes: fetal tone, fetal breathing movement, amniotic fluid volume and gross body movement
46
difference between PREP and PEP
PrEP is daily pill taken to prevent HIV. PEP -is a 28-day course of three antiviral medications started within 72 hours of high-risk exposure
47
what does CA 125 test for
ovarian cancer
48
Measurement of fundal height
begins after the 12th week of gestation.
49
signs of labor in 3rd trimester to watch out for
are contractions increasing in frequency and intensity or fluid leaking.
50
presumptive signs of pregnancy
· Fatigue . Nausea · Vomiting . Breast tenderness . Integumentary changes (melasma and linea nigra) . Positive home pregnancy test
51
normal fetal Heart Rate
110 to 160/ min
52
GTPAL stands for
· Gravida · Term . Preterm . Abortion · Living
53
probable signs of pregnancy
. Positive serum hCG pregnancy test · Chadwick's sign . Hegar's sign · Goodell's sign · Ballottement
54
positive signs of pregnancy
Visualization of fetus and fetal heart rate on ultrasound
55
What sleep position should a client who is pregnant avoid during second and third trimesters?
Supine positioning due to pressure on the vena cava
56
when will a client first feel fetal movements?
between 16 to 20 weeks
57
warning signs of pregnancy
. Headaches · Edema . Worsening abdominal pain · Cramping . Contractions · Vaginal bleeding . Shortness of breath . Decreased fetal movement · Fluid leaking
58
fetal movement monitoring
The client should monitor at the same time each day, counting movements over 2 to 3 hr. The fetus should have at least 10 movements during that time.
59
Why is Rh factor testing important in pregnancy?
If a client has a negative blood type and the fetus has a positive blood type, there is a risk of Rh incompatibility
60
A primary concern with maternal hypertension
causes poor perfusion to the fetus from placenta
61
Restricted fetal growth is related to what three possible causes?
. Maternal issues . Fetal issues . Placental issues
62
what age of gestation can you identify sex
20 weeks
63
why is an amniocentesis performed?
Confirm or rule-out various inherited or genetic concerns
64
Fetal surveillance or fetal well-being testing is most commonly initiated when?
28 to 32 weeks
65
How is the assessment step in the nursing process different for the pregnant client?
The pregnant client is unique in that every visit and every encounter requires the nurse to recognize cues.
66
fetal macrosomia
newborn with a birth weight greater than 8 pounds due to gestational DM
67
Risk factors for placenta previa
Previous cesarean births. Multiple gestation . 38 years of age. History of fertility treatment.
68
leading cause of maternal mortality in the first trimester.
Hemorrhage from ectopic pregnancy
69
common manifestations of ectopic pregnancy.
Vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain
70
What does a crown-rump length greater or equal to 7 mm and no heartbeat indicate?
diagnosed miscarriage
71
Which two medications are used for medical management of miscarriage?
Misoprostol and mifepristone
72
cervical insufficiency
caused by weak cervical structures.
73
Salpingectomy or salpingostomy
treatment for ectopic pregnancy in the fallopian tube
74
molar pregnancy
not a true pregnancy - cluster or grape like.
75
Von Willebrand disease
most common clotting disorder during pregnancy
76
Ectopic Pregnancy Manifestations
Unilateral stabbing pain in, the lower abdominal quadrant * “Menstrual bleeding” light or abnormal * Scant, dark red, brown vaginal spotting 6-8 weeks after LMP * Red vaginal bleeding is expected AFTER a rupture has occurred * Referred shoulder pain (r/t blood in the peritoneal cavity irritating the diaphragm or phrenic nerve after tubal rupture), distention * Hemorrhage and shock signs
77
TORCH
* Acronym TORCH is used to describe infections that can be devastating to the fetus or newborn (teratogenic) * Toxoplasmosis (parasite from contact with raw meat or cat feces) * Other (Hepatitis A or B, syphilis, mumps, varicella zoster, Zika) * Rubella (vaccine-preventable) * Cytomegalovirus (common among adults, no treatment) * Herpes (antiviral medication can ↓ risk of outbreak near delivery, C/S needed if lesions present during labor)