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Pharmacology Block 2 > Week 1 Drugs > Flashcards

Week 1 Drugs Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

Etanercept

A

Anti-inflammatory
Cytokine inhibitor
TNFa_ R analog

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2
Q

Infliximab

A

Anti-inflammatory
cytokine inhibitor
Monoclonal TNFa- Ab

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3
Q

Aspirin

A

Anti-inflammatory
Prostaglandin synthesis Inhibitor
—/ COX 1 and 2

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4
Q

NSAID

A

Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs

Prostaglandin Inhibitor—/ COX 1 and 2

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5
Q

Zileuton

A

Anti-inflammatory

Leukotriene SYNTHESIS Inhibitor—/ lipoxygenase

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6
Q

Zafirlukast

A

Anti-inflammatory

Leukotrienes RECEPTOR Inhibitor

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7
Q

Steroid

A

Anti-inflammatory
inhibits cytokines, PG, Leukotrienes, CAMs
—/ COX and Pospholipase A2

  • IFkB
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8
Q

Dinoprostone

A 
PGE2 Analog
1. cervical ripening 
EP4 R--> collagenase and relax cervical sm
2. terminate pregnancy 
EP1/3 R--> uterine cntxn 
(-) GI sxs
uterine rupture
fever
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9
Q

Carboprost

A 
PGF2a Analog
1. termination of 2nd trimester preg
FP-R--> uterine cntxn
2. control postpartum hemorrhage
FP-R--> uterine cntxn
(-) GI sxs
fever 
uterine rupture
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10
Q

Misoprostol

A

PGE1 Analog
1. prevention of ulcers from long-term NSAID use
EP3–/ gastric acid secretion
reduce cAMP–> ^ bicarb and mucin, ^ mucosal blood flow
(-) diarrhea
(o) pregnancy

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11
Q

Alprostadil

A

PGE2 Analog
1. impotence/erectile dysf
^ cAMP–/ sm cntxn of corpus cav

  1. maintain patent ductus arteriosus
    ^ cAMP–/ sm cntxn
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12
Q

Epoprostenol

A 
PGI2 Analog (IV)
1. primary pulmonary HTN 
^ cAMP--/ sm cntxn= dilation of pulmonary artery sm
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13
Q

Bimatoprost

A

PGF2a Analog
1. glaucoma
^ outflow of aq humor

  1. eyelash hypotrichosis
    ^ % and duration of lash in growth phase
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14
Q

Aldosterone

A

Mineralcorticoid (MC)- Steroid

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15
Q

Cortisol

A

Glucocorticoid (GC)- Steroid

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16
Q

Dexamethasone

A

Glucocorticoid (GC)- Steroid

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17
Q

Prednisolone

A

Glucocorticoid (GC)- Steroid

Immunosuppressant

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18
Q

Fludrocortisone

A

Glucocorticoid (GC)- Steroid

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19
Q

Metyrapone

A

Steroid Synthesis Inhibitor
inhibits 11-B-hydroxylase –/ cortisol synthesis
(X) ^^ACHT from AP diagnostic

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20
Q

Mifepristone

A

Competitive Antagonist of GC and Progesterone R
(X) termination of pregnancy
(X) treat Cushing’s Disease

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21
Q

Spironolactone

A 
Competitive antagonist of MC-R
(X) diuretic
- HTN
-cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure 
*same as eplerenone
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22
Q

Eplerenone

Study These Flashcards
A 
Competitive antagonist of MC-R
(X) diuretic
- HTN
-cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure 
*same as spironolactone
23
Q

Drospirenone

Study These Flashcards
A 
1. MC-R Antagonist
(X) diuretic--/ salt retain of estrogen
2. Progesterone-R Agonist
(X) suppress ovulation, hormone replacement for post-menopausal
3. Androgen-R Antagonist
24
Q

Azathioprine

Study These Flashcards
A

Immunosuppressant
metabolized to 6-mercaptopurine –/ purine synthesis (de novo and salvage)
(X) prevent rejection, autoimmune diseases
(-) bone marrow suppression
GI and hepatotoxicity

25
Cyclophosphamide
Immunosuppressant alkylating cross-links dsDNA--> kill replicating and NON cells (*B cells--/ humoral immunity) (X) autoimmune disease (-) bone marrow suppression
26
Methotrexate
Immunosuppressant Inhibit Dihydrofolate reductase--/ folate dep steps of purine synthesis (X) autoimmune diseases, pregnancy termination (-) hepatic toxicity
27
Mycophenolate Mofetil
``` Immunosuppressant metabolized> mycophenolic acid--/ IMP-DH (IMP>GMP) inhibit de novo purine synthesis salvage pathway in tact *selectively toxic to Lymphocytes* (X) prevent renal allograft rejection -autoimmune diseases (-) infection, leukopenia, anemia (O) contraindicated in pregnancy ```
28
Cyclosporine
``` Immunosuppressant Lipophilic peptide Abx 1. bind cyclophilin--/ Calcineurin 2. block activation of NFAT (TF) 3. inhibit IL-2 production --/ Th cell function and Tcell prolif and cytotoxicity (X) prevent rejection (-) nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity ```
29
Tacrolimus
``` Immunosuppressant similar mechanism to cyclosporine 1. bind FKBP--> bind calcineurin 2. inhibit activation of NFAT (TF) 3. prevent synth of IL-2 (X) prevent rejection (+) more potent, less toxic ```
30
Sirolimus
Immunosuppressant inhibit T cell activation and prolifieration downstream of IL-2 1. bind FKBP-12--> mTOR 2. inhibit G1>S phase transition (X) prevent rejection, coat cardiac stents
31
Ibuprofen
``` NSAID---/ COX 1 and 2 t 1/2= 2 hrs (naproxen) (X) rheumatoid arthritis/osteoarthritis mild-mod pain fever dysmenorrhea ```
32
Indomethacin
``` NSAID ---/ COX 1 and 2 (X) gouty arthritis mod-severe osteoarth/rheumatorid ankylosing spondylitis close ductus arteriosis (IV) ```
33
Nabumetone
NSAID---/ COX 2>> 1 converted to active* 6methoxy-2naphthylacetic acid -anti inflam and analgesic (X) osteoarthritis, rheum arth
34
Naproxen
``` NSAID---/ COX 1 and 2 t 1/2= 14 hrs (ibuprofen) (X) ankylosing spondylitis osteoarthitis/rheumatoidarthritis acute gout mild-mod pain tendonitis, bursitis dysmenorrhea fever ```
35
Sulfasalazine
NSAID---/ production of IL1 and TNFa, lipoxygenase, NFkB, scavenge free radicals (X) ulcerative colitis rheumatoid arthritis ankylosing spondylitis
36
Piroxicam
NSAID---/ COX 1 and 2 (X) acute/chronic osteo/rheumatoid arthritis (+) long half life t1/2=50hrs (99% plasma bound)
37
Diphenydramine
``` H1 blocker- 1st gen (Benadryl) (-) profound sedation (X) Allergies Motion Sickness Sleep aid end-stage Parkinson's ```
38
Dimenhydrinate
H1 blocker- 1st gen (Dramamine) (X) motion sickness
39
Chloropheniramine
H1 blocker- 1st gen *most potent less prone to drowsiness (X) allergies
40
Promethazine
H1 blocker- 1st gen | X) motion sickness (anti chol
41
Fexofenadine
H1 blocker- 2nd gen terfenadine> fexofenadine (Allegra)
42
Loratidine
H1 blocker- 2nd gen > desloratidine (Claritin) (X) allergies
43
Desloratidine
H1 blocker- 2nd gen >from loratidine (Clarinex) (X) allergies
44
Citirizine
H1 blocker- 2nd gen (-) most sedation for 2nd gen (Zyrtec) (X) allergies
45
Cimetidine
H2 blocker--/ parietal cell acid secretion (X)GERD gastric, duodenal ulcers prevent stress ulcers zollinger-ellison syndrome (non B cell tumor of pancreas) (-)--/ CYP450 and --/ Testosterone binding= gynecomastia, reduced sperm count, impotence
46
Famotidine
H2 blocker--/ parietal cell acid secretion (X)GERD gastric, duodenal ulcers prevent stress ulcers
47
Ranitidine
H2 blocker --/ parietal cell acid secretion (X)GERD gastric, duodenal ulcers prevent stress ulcers
48
Cromolyn Sodium
Anti-histamine---/ Release stabilize mast cell membrane (X) asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis
49
Omalizumab
Anti-histamine ---/ Release monoclonal Ab--/ IgE sensitization of mast cells (X) allergic asthma
50
Acetaminophen
``` NSAID (Tylenol) ---/ COX peroxidase (NO affinity for COX 1 or 2 active site) NO anti-inflammatory (X) mild-mod pain and fever (-) overdose- CYP 2E1 path> toxic ```
51
Acetylsalicylic Acid
``` (Aspirin) NSAID *IRREVERSIBLE*acetylation of serine --/COX 1 and 2 (X) anti-platelet anti-inflammatory analgesia anti-pyretic (-) overdose risk -zero order kinetics (O) pregnancy and children ```
52
Celecoxib
``` NSAID selective inhib---/ COX 2 (X) rheumatoid arthritis/osteoarthritis dysmenorrhea reduce intestinal polyps (O) sulfa toxicity , GI disease, deficiency of CYP2C9 ```
53
Ketorolac
NSAID ---/ COX 1 and 2 analgesia and anti-pyretic (X) mod/severe pain opioid level (IV)

Pharmacology Block 2 (7 decks)

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