Week 1 Health care delivery, interprofessional team, ethical responsibilities, legal responsibilities Flashcards
(43 cards)
Components of Health Care Systems
Participants- Licensed providers (RN, LPN, MD, APN, pharm, dentists, dietitians, RT OT PT)
-unlicensed providers AP
Regulatory Agencies Examples
- Food and Drug Administration
- U.S. Department of Human Services
- The Joint Commission to set quality standards for accreditation of health care facilities
Healthcare Finance Mechanisms: Medicare vs Medicaid
Medicare- is for clients 65 and older and for people with disabilities
Medicaid- to aid low-income clients
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
-increased healthcare access for all
-decreased healthcare costs
-provide an opportunity for uninsured people to become insured at affordable costs
-all about increasing access to health insurance-
State Children’s Health Insurance Program CHIP
-covers uninsured children up to age 19 for low income families
Healthcare finance mechanisms Private Plans
Managed care organization MCO - primary care providers oversee comprehensive care for enrolled clients, focus on prevention/health promotion
Preferred Provider organizations PPO clients can choose from a list of contracted providers and hospitals. Using non-contracted providers increases costs.
Exclusive Provider Organizations EPO- clients choose from a list of providers/hospitals contracted with no out-of-network coverage
Long-term Care Insurance: supplemental long-term costs that Medicare wont cover
Levels of Healthcare:
Preventive health care
preventative- focus on education/equipment to reduce/control risk factors of a disease
-immunizations, stress management, occupational health, seat belt use
Level of healthcare
Primary Health care
-health promotion, includes prenatal and well-baby care, family planning, nutrition counseling, and disease control
-the sustained relationship between provider-patient
- office/clinic visits, community health centers, school or work screenings (hearing, vision, obesity)
Level of health care
secondary
-is a diagnosis of acute illness and injury
-emergency department, hospital settings, diagnostic centers, and urgent and emergent care centers
Level of Healthcare
Tertiary
-acute care, involves specialized and highly technical care
- ICU, oncology centers, burn centers
Lvls of Healthcare
Restorative Health care vs
continuing health care
Restorative-intermediate follow-up care to restore health and promote self-care
-Home health care, rehabilitation centers, skilled nursing facilities
Continuing - addresses long-term or chronic health needs
-end-of-life, hospice, palliative care, adult day care, assisted living, and in-home respite care
Relationship between health care systems and levels of care
People: licensed and unlicensed to meet client needs
Setting
Regulatory agencies *- ensure the quality and quantity of health care and protection of health care consumers
Health care finances- influences quality and parametes
QUALITY AND SAFETY EDUCATION FOR NURSES
QSEN**
6
- Safety: minimal risk factors that can cause harm to a client while promoting quality care (clients, staff, and self)
- Patient-Centered Care: compassionate, culture-sensitive, meeting physiological, psychological, sociological, and spiritual needs
- Informatics: the use of information technology as a communication and information-gathering tool
- Evidence-Based Care: using current knowledge from research and credible sources for client care
- Quality Improvement: improve health care services by developing and implementing plans
- Teamwork and Collaboration: the delivery of client care with interprofessional members of the health care team
Quality and Safety Education for Nurses 6
- Teamwork/Collaboration
- Safety
- Informatics
- Patient-Centered Care
- Evidence-based practice
- Quality improvement
Interprofessional personnel (condensed)
Spiritual support staff
Registered dietitians-plan assess educate on nutrition
* LAB Technician: Obtains specimen of body fluids and performs diagnostic tests
Pharmacists
PT: asses plan to better musculoskeltal function
OT: ADLs motor skills
Providers-asses dx, tx (MDs, Dox, advanced ( varies by state- practice nurses APNs and physicians assistants PA))
Radiologic technologists
RT
social worker* coordinates inpatient and community resources for psychosocial and environmental needs
SLP
RNs Roles and Responsibilites
depend on state
-initial assessments, establish nursing Dx, goals, interventions, ongoing client evaluations
-develop interprofessional plans for client care
- shares needed info to team members, referrals for client assistance, health education, and identify community resources
LPN role/responsibilites
work under RN
- work within the nursing process, assist with plan of care, consult with team members, recognize the need for referrals
-deliver nursing care using nursing process
Assistive personal
assistant and technicians
feedings, prep of nutritional supplements, lifting, basic care, measure and record vital signs, and ambulate clients
Advanced practice nurse
clinical nurse specialist- clinical field
nurse practitioner - works with providers in nonemergency primary health care
certified registered nurse anesthetist CRNA
certified nurse midwife- deliver care to newborns
nurse educator
nurse administrator-leadership in facilities
nurse researcher
basic principles of ethics
Advocacy-defend clients health, wellness, safety, wishes, and rights
Responsibilities- respect obligations
Accountability-answer for ones actions
Confidentiality -protect privacy
Ethical Principles for client care**
Autonomy- right to one’s own decision’s
Beneficence- good of others, no self interest
Fidelity fulfill role
Justice- fairness of care/resources
Nonmaleficence- do no harm
Veracity-truth
Federal Laws**
HIPAA health insurance portability and accountability act - protect patient health info, always get patient consent
Americans with Disabilities Act
Mental Health Parity Act
Patient Self-Determination Act PSDA*
Federal law PSDA: patient self-determination act
- inform patients of their rights regarding medical care
- indicate the patients med rec whether or not they have an advanced directive
- no discrimination towards ind w/ advanced directives
- ensure compliance to advance directives
- educate staff/community on advanced directives
Criminal vs Cival law
criminal law-public law relates to the relationship between an individual and the gov’t
civil-protect ind rights, tort law
