Week 1 - Intro of Learning Flashcards
(21 cards)
What are the key aspects of behaviorism?
- Focuses on associative learning: ACTION > REACTION
- Is based on the notion that we all start out as a blank slate.
- Learning happens within a ‘black box’
- We learn from external experiences
- Related to the SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY
Explain the social learning theory
The theory states that we can also learn from observing others. We often look up to these people. We do not only learn from our interactions with the environment.
Define learning
Learning can be defined as a persisting change in preformance which is the result of learners experiences and interaction with the world
What are the key aspects of cognitive learning?
- Learning is a proces which is managed by the short term memory but encoded for the long term memory
- Tires to understand the black box
- Focused on reflection > Meta cognition > Think and reflect.
What are the key aspects of Constructivism
- We create knowledge by as an attempt to understand experiences
- Student play an active role, whereas teachers become facilitators.
- Working together is a big part of constructivism
- Process rather than content focussed, learners learn at their own pace
Constructivism has several sub-constructs, name 4 of them
- Humanism
- Connectivism
- Experiential learning
- Situated learning
What are the key aspects of humanism?
- Learning is a natural desire
- We want to achieve SELF-ACTUALIZATION > Emotional and physical need fulfillment
- Emphasis on freedom, autonomy and safety
- No grading
What are the key aspects of experiential learning?
ideas are formed through reflection as we learn by doing
What are the key aspects of situated learning?
Focus on communities
Internships, apprenticeships
What are the key aspects of connectivism?
- Learning happens outside us
- Knowledge is stored and retrieved from a network of people and technologies
How can technologies play a role in education
Tech can help by assisting the teacher, not replacing the teacher. It can provide tailored one-on-one experience for each learner to reach their fullest potential with the curriculum presented each year.
What are the 5 assumptions of the LC4MP
- Evolutionary nature of cognition > we only have limited amount of cognitive resources
- Evolutionary nature of motivation > 2 ways, Appetitive = seeking opportunities and Aversive = avoiding dangers
- Nature of media > Use of media could help info processing
- Nature of Time > We are dynamic
- Nature of communication
What are the subprocesses of learning
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval
What are the two types of encoding?
- Automaticly > Response triggerd by Novel (new stimuli) or signal (info we already know) stimuli
- Controlled > Based on goals and likes > We are motivated to encode this.
Explain when encoding takes place
Encoding takes place when Novel, Signal and motivationally relevant stimuli are seen by our limited cognitive resources which then go through our automatic or controlled mechanisms.
When does storage happen?
When new info is connected to info that is already present. Encoding does not automatic lead to storage.
What is retrival?
When we find and use info we’ve saved before.
What is the role of emotion in learning
emotions can determine resource allocation > based upon appetitive and aversive systems
What are the types of learning?
- Recall
- Free recall > without any cue
- Cued recall > Based on hints
- Serial recall > Based on order - Retrival
- Transfer
What does the HSM explain about info processing and presuasion
there are 2 modes that lead to info processing:
- Heuristic: Simple, No long lasting effects
- Systematic: Carefull, Long lasting effects
Explain the bias hypo of the HSM
If we first evaluate it heuristicly, it could bias our systematic processing.
