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TM129: Robotics and A.I > Week 1 – Introduction > Flashcards

Week 1 – Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

give 4 definitions in which we could use to define a robot

A

these definitions include:

  • robot
  • mobile
  • autonomous
  • intelligent
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2
Q

this term can be described as:

a device that enables the movement of a robot or other device or machine

A

describe the term

actuator

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3
Q

who were the first researches into neural networks

A

in 1943 the first researches in this field were:

  • Warren S. McCulloch, a neuroscientist
  • Walter Pitts, a logician

together they created a neural model that could perform alculations, however was unable to learn

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4
Q

developed by tommy flowers and others at bletchy park in 1940s

was the first electronic and programmable computer used to decipher the lorenz cipher in WWII

A

what was the

colossus machine

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5
Q

this definition can be summarised as:

a machine that has its own power supply and is able to navigate in 3d space

A

describe the definition

mobile

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6
Q

this term can be described as:

the act of looking to nature in order to build robotic systems or solve human problems

A

describe the term

Biomimetics

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7
Q

this can be described as:

the act of being able to carry out a task automatically although without any free will. The automatic behaviours will be fixed and built in to the machine

note

automatons will express such behaviour

A

describe the term

automatism

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8
Q

this term can be described as:

a system that uses lasers to build a picture of the surrounding environment

A

describe the term

lidar

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9
Q

in 1943 the first researches in this field were:

  • Warren S. McCulloch, a neuroscientist
  • Walter Pitts, a logician

together they created a neural model that could perform alculations, however was unable to learn

A

who were the first researches into neural networks

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10
Q

describe a

microbial fuel cell

A

using bacteria or yeast can metabolise simple foods such as sugar so that small quantities of electricity can be generated

note

eco bot I and II had these and is able to be fed with sugar or dead flies in order to generate electricity

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11
Q

describe the definition

mobile

A

this definition can be summarised as:

a machine that has its own power supply and is able to navigate in 3d space

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12
Q

who was

Charles babbage

A

was an english mathematician and engineer who in 1800s designed the analitycal engine

and because of this is for some regarded as the father of modern computing

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13
Q

this definition can be summarised as:

a machine that can act accordingly to any uncertainty that may be presented to it

A

describe the definition

intelligent

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14
Q

describe the definition

autonomous

A

this definition can be summarised as:

a machine that can carry out its task without any human intervention

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15
Q

this term originates from:

a group of people (often women) who would carry out vast amounts of calculations manually

A

where does the term

computer

orignate from

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16
Q

harnessing the heat from decaying Radioisotope fuel so that electricity can be produced

A

describe

Radioisotope fuel

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17
Q

what was the

colossus machine

A

developed by tommy flowers and others at bletchy park in 1940s

was the first electronic and programmable computer used to decipher the lorenz cipher in WWII

How well did you know this?
1
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3
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18
Q

was an english mathematician and engineer who in 1800s designed the analitycal engine

and because of this is for some regarded as the father of modern computing

A

who was

Charles babbage

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19
Q

this term originates from

the czech word robota which means forced labour or slave

A

where does the term robot originate from

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20
Q

this includes:

  • Used for automation in factories and farming
  • Algorithms can make decisions such as a loan at the bank instead of an actual person making the decision
A

name 2 ways in which

robots are already intergrated into our society

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21
Q

what is the

analytical engine

A

a machine designed by charles babbage that could perform loops and conditional branching

it had a store and a mill which would be memory and a processor

had this been built it would have been the worlds first programmable machine however due to the precision parts and funding needed this was never realised

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22
Q

this term can be described as:

a system that uses radio waves to determine the distance and angles of surrounding objects

A

describe the term

radar

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23
Q

describe an

automaton

A

this can be described as:

a mechanical machine that can carry out a specific task and operates automatically although does not make its own decisions

24
Q

where did the term robot first appear

A

this term first appeared

within a play written by a Czech named Karel Čapek

the play was named RUR standing for Rossum’s Universal Robots

25
an english mathematician and writer who worked with charles babbage on the analytical engine
who was ## Footnote **ada lovelace**
26
describe the term ## Footnote **Biomimetics**
this term can be described as: the act of looking to nature in order to build robotic systems or solve human problems
27
this works in the following way: 1. receives many electrochemical inputs from other neurons through what are called dendrites 2. when a threshold is reached the nerve cell fires and a signal is passed to the axon of this (its output)
describe how a ## Footnote **neuron receives input and creates output**
28
describe ## Footnote **Radioisotope fuel**
harnessing the heat from decaying Radioisotope fuel so that electricity can be produced
29
this term can be described as: the process used that organisms keep themselves alive
describe the term ## Footnote **Homeostasis**
30
these definitions include: * **robot** * **mobile** * **autonomous** * **intelligent**
give 4 definitions in which we could use to define a robot
31
where does the term **computer** orignate from
this term originates from: a group of people (often women) who would carry out vast amounts of calculations manually
32
this term can be described as: a system that uses sound and measures the echoes to build a picture of the environment
describe the term ## Footnote **sonar**
33
describe the term ## Footnote **lidar**
this term can be described as: a system that uses lasers to build a picture of the surrounding environment
34
describe the term ## Footnote **biped**
this term can be described as: a machine that moves using two legs
35
this term can be described as: a machine that moves using two legs
describe the term ## Footnote **biped**
36
using bacteria or yeast can metabolise simple foods such as sugar so that small quantities of electricity can be generated _note_ eco bot I and II had these and is able to be fed with sugar or dead flies in order to generate electricity
describe a ## Footnote **microbial fuel cell**
37
why is ## Footnote **ada lovelace regarded as the first computer programmer**
ada lovelace is regarded as this because of her published algorithm for calculating Bernoulli numbers tailored for implementation on a computer
38
describe the term ## Footnote **automatism**
this can be described as: the act of being able to carry out a task automatically although without any free will. The automatic behaviours will be fixed and built in to the machine _note_ automatons will express such behaviour
39
describe the term ## Footnote **radar**
this term can be described as: a system that uses radio waves to determine the distance and angles of surrounding objects
40
describe the definition ## Footnote **intelligent**
this definition can be summarised as: a machine that can act accordingly to any uncertainty that may be presented to it
41
this term first appeared within a play written by a Czech named Karel Čapek the play was named RUR standing for Rossum’s Universal Robots
where did the term robot first appear
42
this definition can be summarised as: a machine that can carry out its task without any human intervention
describe the definition ## Footnote **autonomous**
43
describe the term ## Footnote **Homeostasis**
this term can be described as: the process used that organisms keep themselves alive
44
describe the term ## Footnote **actuator**
this term can be described as: a device that enables the movement of a robot or other device or machine
45
describe a ## Footnote **hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell**
a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen that causes a chemical reaction so that electricity can be generated
46
a machine designed by charles babbage that could perform loops and conditional branching it had a store and a mill which would be memory and a processor had this been built it would have been the worlds first programmable machine however due to the precision parts and funding needed this was never realised
what is the ## Footnote **analytical engine**
47
a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen that causes a chemical reaction so that electricity can be generated
describe a ## Footnote **hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell**
48
ada lovelace is regarded as this because of her published algorithm for calculating Bernoulli numbers tailored for implementation on a computer
why is ## Footnote **ada lovelace regarded as the first computer programmer**
49
this can be described as: a mechanical machine that can carry out a specific task and operates automatically although does not make its own decisions
describe an ## Footnote **automaton**
50
where does the term robot originate from
this term originates from the czech word robota which means forced labour or slave
51
describe how a ## Footnote **neuron receives input and creates output**
this works in the following way: 1. receives many electrochemical inputs from other neurons through what are called dendrites 2. when a threshold is reached the nerve cell fires and a signal is passed to the axon of this (its output)
52
who was ## Footnote **ada lovelace**
an english mathematician and writer who worked with charles babbage on the analytical engine
53
name 2 ways in which ## Footnote **robots are already intergrated into our society**
this includes: * Used for automation in factories and farming * Algorithms can make decisions such as a loan at the bank instead of an actual person making the decision
54
describe the definition ## Footnote **robot**
this definition can be summarised as: a machine that is able to sense its environment and make decisions based upon what input it has received
55
this definition can be summarised as: a machine that is able to sense its environment and make decisions based upon what input it has received
describe the definition ## Footnote **robot**
56
describe the term ## Footnote **sonar**
this term can be described as: a system that uses sound and measures the echoes to build a picture of the environment

TM129: Robotics and A.I (5 decks)

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