Week 1 - Introduction to Families & Communities Flashcards

Question

Give examples of a community:

Answer 1

- Citizens of a town - Group of farmers - Prison community - Tiny village in Labrador - Members of Mothers Against Drug Driving (MADD) - Professional nurses

Answer 2

The unit of care is the entire community. The nurse can concentrate on both the community and the family simultaneously, but the community is the main focus

Answer 3

The family is the focus of care. Families live within community contexts- creating and defining the communities within which they interact impacts family health - Ex. Overcrowding of homeless shelter with daughter of immunosuppressed disease

Answer 4

- Focuses on increasing health of individuals and the community at-large - Focuses on determinants of health (e.g., socioeconomic and physical environment, education, culture, biological endowment and more)

Answer 5

1) Primary prevention reduces the impact of existing risk factors for a potential problem and thus reduces the occurrence of disease - Ex. Vaccines, nutritional education 2) Secondary prevention provides screening, detection and early treatment - Ex. Screening early PAP’s 3) Tertiary prevention reduces the impact of long-term disease and disability - Ex. Chronic disease but minimize effects – HIV care, counselling for PTSD

Answer 6

1) First seen in indigenous communities when healing practices for conducted to meet the needs of the communities 2) Grey nuns arose and they were a religious order /advocated for social justice and health inequities and helped improve access to health services food shelter education 3) The Victorian Order of Nurses was established in 1897 /still around today and it remains a not for profit nursing agency it provides community based care - Would supply in-home nursing for poor to provide affordable nursing care 4) 1940-1970- focus on medical model and expanding programs 5) 1970s- rising hospital costs + shift away from hospital stay to community through early discharge (sooner bc less $) 6) 1980s down-sizing of hospitals with continued community-based services

Answer 7

embraced role as advocate for individual, family and community health fostered empowerment with individuals, families and communities embraced health-promoting practice built on notion of empowerment engaged a strengths-based approach to health-promoting practice

Answer 8

References for reading Be familiar Recognize standards of practice in community health nursing

Answer 9

1) Define scope and depth of CHN (community health nurse) practice 2) Establish criteria and expectations for acceptable practice and safe ethical care 3) Provide criteria for measuring performance 4) Support the ongoing development of CHN 5) Promote CHN as a specialty and provide a foundation for certification as a clinical specialty with Canadian 6) Nurses Association Inspire excellence in and commitment to CHN practice Set a benchmark for new community health nurses

Answer 10

- Work with people where they live, work, learn, worship and play to promote health - CHNs provide a continuum of care from health promotion and protection and prevention of illness, to treatment, restorative and palliative care - Provide care to populations who experience health inequities and disparities i.e, Indigenous peoples, LGBTQ2S, newcomers and refugees, etc. Empowerment is the capacity of choice

Answer 11

Primary health care (PHC) - promotes healthy lifestyles as a pathway to disease and injury prevention - provides continuing care of chronic conditions and recognizes the importance of the broad determinants of health. - Involves a broad range of health-care providers (CIHI, 2006). Primary care - service at the entry of the healthcare system - “responsible for coordinating the care of patients and integrating their care with the rest of the health system by enabling access to other healthcare providers and services” (Kingston-Riechers et al., 2010, p. 6).

Answer 12

Ex. Newly diagnosed with diabetes’s 1) PC - Physician - Diagnosis - Insulin $$$ - Referral - Follow up PHC - Physician and team (i.e. dietician, diabetes nurse specialist) - Identify they cannot afford insulin - Refer to social worker to manage costs - Having all these people involved, contributes to better management - Less complications - Less costly to healthcare system

Answer 13

Public Health (PHN) - provide health promotion, disease and injury prevention, health protection and surveillance, population health assessment and emergency preparedness - link individual & family health experiences into the population health framework - Work within public health agencies mandated under provincial and territorial legislation Home Health (HHN) - Provide chronic disease management, curative care, health promotion and education, rehab care, palliative care, social support and maintenance, - focus on clients & families - practice in homes, schools or workplace and integrates health promotion, teaching & counseling with provision of care

Answer 14

- Earlier discharges from hospital means that family caregivers are continuing treatments in the home setting (Patrick & Edmunds, 2004) - 80% of health care is provided by non-professionals including family members. - Health is a way of living or behaving that is readily communicated within such institutions as the family (Allen & Warner, 1996)