Week 1: Introduction to Industrial/Organizational Psychology Flashcards
(54 cards)
Branch of psychology that applies the principles of psychology to the workplace
I/O Psychology
The purpose of I/O Psychology
“to enhance the dignity and performance of human
beings, and the organizations they work in, by advancing the
science and knowledge of human behavior” (Rucci, 2008)
APPLICATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES:
Used to develop training programs and incentive plans
Principles of Learning
APPLICATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES:
Used to form work groups and understand employee conflict
Principles of Social Psychology
APPLICATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES:
Used to motivate and satisfy employees
Principles of motivation and emotion
TRUE OR FALSE:
I/O psychologists rely extensively on research, qualitative methods, and testing techniques.
FALSE - it relies of quantitative methods.
FILL IN THE BLANK:
I/O psychologists are trained to use __________ ______ and ___________ rather than clinical judgment to make decisions.
- Empirical data
- Statistics
TRUE OR FALSE:
I/O psychologists are NOT clinical psychologists who happen to be the industry; they do not conduct therapy for workers.
TRUE
I/O psychologists act as scientists when they conduct research and as practitioners when they work with actual organizations.
Scientist-Practitioner Model
2 APPROACHES IN I/O PSYCHOLOGY:
Focuses on determining the competencies needed to perform a job, staffing the organization with employees who have those competencies, and increasing those competencies through training
Industrial Approach “I”
2 APPROACHES IN I/O PSYCHOLOGY:
Creates an organizational structure and culture that will motivate employees to perform well, give them with the necessary information to do their jobs, and provide working conditions that are safe and result in an enjoyable and satisfying work environment
Organizational Approach “O”
Major Fields of I/O Psychology
1) Personnel Psychology
2) Organizational Psychology
3) Human Factors / Ergonomics
WHICH MAJOR FIELD OF I/O PSYCHOLOGY IS THIS?:
- analyzing jobs
- recruiting applicants
- selecting employees
- determining salary levels
- training employees
- evaluating employee performance
Personnel Psychology
WHICH MAJOR FIELD OF I/O PSYCHOLOGY IS THIS?:
- issues of leadership
- job satisfaction
- employee motivation
- organizational communication
- conflict management
- organizational change
- group processes within an organization
Organizational Psychology
WHICH MAJOR FIELD OF I/O PSYCHOLOGY IS THIS?:
- workplace design
- human-machine interaction
- ergonomics
- physical fatigue and stress
Human Factors / Ergonomics
BRIEF HISTORY OF I/O PSYCHOLOGY:
1903 - Who wrote The Theory of Advertising in which Psychology was first applied to business?
Walter Dill Scott
BRIEF HISTORY OF I/O PSYCHOLOGY:
1910 - Who wrote Psychology and Industrial Efficiency which was first published in English in 1913?
Hugo Munsterberg
BRIEF HISTORY OF I/O PSYCHOLOGY:
1911 - Who wrote the book Increasing Human Efficiency in Business?
Walter Dill Scott again
A term seldom used prior to World War 1
Industrial Psychology
Terms used to refer to Industrial Psychology prior to WWI
- Economic Psychology
- Business Psychology
- Employment Psychology
World War 1 - Tests of Mental Ability
Army Alpha & Army Beta
ARMY ALPHA V. ARMY BETA
PURPOSE: To assess the intelligence of literate, English-speaking recruits.
Army Alpha
ARMY ALPHA V. ARMY BETA
FORMAT: A non-verbal test using pictures and symbols, designed to be understood without the need for reading or writing.
Army Beta
ARMY ALPHA V. ARMY BETA
CONTENT: The test was designed to measure a range of cognitive skills, including verbal reasoning, comprehension, and problem-solving abilities.
Army Alpha
