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CPD Vocab III > Week 1 Urology > Flashcards

Week 1 Urology Flashcards

0
Q

Epispadias

A

Congenital malformation of urethral meatus on dorsal side of the penis

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1
Q

Hematospermia

A

Source could be epididymis, seminal vesicle, prostate, bulbourethral glands

Red flag: sxs > 1 month, palpable mass, hematuria, obstructive sx

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2
Q

Hypospadias

A

Congenital malformation of urethral meatus on ventral side of penis

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3
Q

Balanitis

A

Inflammation of glans penis

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4
Q

Posthitis

A

Inflammation of the foreskin

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5
Q

Balanoposthitis

A

Inflammation of glans and foreskin

Due to candida, GC, CT, scabies, contact derm, psoriasis, poor hygiene, diabetics

Sequelae: meatal stricture, phimosis, para phimosis, cancer

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6
Q

Phimosis

A

Foreskin cannot be retracted back away from glans penis

Pathologic or physiologic

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7
Q

Paraphimosis

A

Foreskin stuck in retracted position, becomes inflamed–> reduced blood flow –> necrosis

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8
Q

Peyronie’s Disease

A

Scarring of tunica albuginea –> painful erection with dorsal curvature

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9
Q

Chancre

A

Due to syphilis. Solitary, painless ulcer

Non exudative, indurated edge

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10
Q

Chancroid

A

Painful, shallow non indurated ulcers, irregular edges and red borders
Gray or yellow purulent exudate
Infection of H. ducreyi
Regional tender adenopathy, may abscess

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11
Q

SCC of the penis

A

More common in uncircumcised males with poor hygiene
HPV 16 and 18
fungating, non painful sore that does not heal
Dx by biopsy

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12
Q

Priapism

A

Prolonged, painful erection > 4 hours. Emergency due to ischemia

Dx by color Doppler US, assessment of corporal blood gases

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13
Q

Orchitis

A

Inflammation of testicle due to infection, usu viral/mumps

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14
Q

Acute Epididymitis

A

Usu bacterial infection

Could be urine reflux/chemical irritation into ejaculatoru ducts from heavy lifting /trauma

Positive Prehn’s sign
Scrotal US to rule out torsion

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15
Q

Chronic epididymitis

A

Inflammation with no infection present, enlarged, thickened, non tender epididymis

16
Q

Hematocele

A

Blood filled, secondary to trauma. Does not transilluminate

17
Q

Hydrocele

A

Non tender, serous filled
Acute– between 2-5yrs, due to inflammation
Chronic–middle age men from inflammation or injury

18
Q

Variocele

A

Due to gravity pulling on venous valves. Bag of worms. Worse with valsalva and standing

**Development of a new variocele: on L–tumor or mass. On R–occlusion of vena cava

19
Q

Testicular torsion

A

Emergency! De-torse <6 hours

Color Doppler US.

20
Q

Spermatocele

A

Small, painless cyst. Benign. With dead spermatozoa. Dx by US or aspiration.

21
Q

Cryptorchidism

A

Failure of testicles to descend into scrotum during infancy

High risk of developing infertility or testicular cancer later in life

22
Q

Testicular cancer

A

Most common solid a cancer in 15-34yrs

Risk factors: cryptorchidism, exogenous estrogen, trauma, gonadal dysgenesis, Klinefelter syndrome

23
Q

Rubbery prostate

A

BPH

24
Q

Boggy prostate

A

Congested

25
Q

Induration on prostate

A

Malignancy. Nodules

26
Q

Prostate labs

A

Serum PSA, PSA velocity, free/bound PSA

27
Q

BPH

A

Progressive urinary freq, urgency, nocturia, dribbling

PE: enlarged, rubbery. Smooth, symmetric. May be distended bladder

Lab: increased BUN, UA, PSA

28
Q

Acute bacterial prostatitis

A

Fever, chills, malaise, dysuria
+ E. coli, klebsiella, proteus, pseudomonas, enterobacter

Lab: CBC left shift. UA shows WBCs, elevated CRP

29
Q

Contraindication for prostate massage

A

If acutely inflamed… Sepsis!!

30
Q

Chronic bacterial prostatitis

A

Sxs: recurrent UTIs, fatigue, pain, sexual dysfunction, ejaculatory pain

PE: DRE–tender, boggy, enlarged, soft prostate

Lab: post massage urine culture and sensitivity

31
Q

Chronic prostatitis/Prostadynia

A

Criteria: no objective cause, Sxs related to prostate area, refractory to tx

Etiology: psych stress, low T, infection from normal bacteria, genetic

32
Q

Prostadynia Sxs and PE

A

Sxs: pain in pelvis > 3 mos, dysuria, urgency, low back/perineal pain, sexual dysfunction, post ejaculation pain, IBS, chronic fatigue

PE: DRE–mildly tender, boggy, enlarged

Lab: UA, urine culture and sensitivity, CBC

*may need to rule out CT/GC

33
Q

Prostate cancer

A

Commonly adenocarcinoma.

Risk factors: age, African American, family hx, obesity, SAD, meds, vasectomy

Sxs: sexual dysfunction, incontinence, irritative/obstructive sxs, bone pain, weight loss

PE: non tender prostate, firm, stony hard, irregular nodules

Labs: PSA velocity (>.75ng/ml/year), total PSA 4-10/>10 ng/ml
CMP, inc alk phos

Dx: transrectal US with biopsy using Gleason score for grading
Axial CT/MRI for staging

CPD Vocab III (3 decks)

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