week 1 what is research?

Question 1

what is research?

Answer 1

collecting information to generate new scientific knowledge

Question 2

what are the 4 pillars of health research?

Answer 2

1. biomedical research
2. clinical research
3. health services research
4. health determinants research

Question 3

Purpose of health research

Answer 3

1. to describe - patterns, comparisons
2. to explain - why problems occur, causes
3. to predict
4. to control

Question 4

Role of researchers

Answer 4

create study design, collection and analysis that is ethically sound
- budget, timeline, record keeping, supervise team

Question 5

step 1 of the research process

Answer 5

identify research problem

Question 6

step 2 of the research process

Answer 6

the literature research: what do we already know?

Question 7

step 3 of the research process

Answer 7

define the problem you want to study (must be specific) - purpose

Question 8

step 4 of the research process

Answer 8

develop the research question - PICO(T)

Question 9

what are the 3 types of research questions?

Answer 9

descriptive questions
difference questions
relationship questions - association

Question 10

what does PICO (T) stand for

Answer 10

P - patient/population
I - intervention
C - comparison
0 - outcomes
T - time frame

Question 11

FINER criteria for developing research question

Answer 11

F - feasible - possible
I - interesting
N- novel - does add to understanding
E- ethical
R - relevant - is it important?

Question 12

step 5 of the research process

Answer 12

develop a hypothesis
- null and alternative
- testable statement

Question 13

step 6 of the research process

Answer 13

choose an appropriate study design
- experimental
- exploratory design - relationships
- descriptive designs - features of participants

Question 14

what is the 7th research process step

Answer 14

define variables and key terms
- independent, dependent, control

Question 15

step 8 of the research process

Answer 15

identify the study population of interest

Question 16

step 9 of the research process

Answer 16

conduct the study

Question 17

step 10 of the research process

Answer 17

data analysis

Question 18

step 11 of the research process

Answer 18

inform others

Question 19

step 12 of the research process

Answer 19

start again, generate a new research question

Question 20

what is quantitive research?

Answer 20

measured numerically
- analyzed with statistical methods
- measure, test hypothesis, assess relationships and generalize samples to populations
- aims for explanation

Question 21

what is qualitative research?

Answer 21

when numbers don’t tell the whole story
- emphasis on meanings, contexts, experiences
- descriptive narratives to create theories
- aims to understand

Question 22

how can qualitative research inform public and population health

Answer 22

explain economic, political, social and cultural factors
- how communities interpret health

Question 23

what is a deductive approach?

Answer 23

quantitative
- testing an existing theory, comparison of two groups

Question 24

what is an inductive approach?

Answer 24

qualitative
- gathers data and then develops a theory from this data

Question 25

quantitative debate / arguement

Answer 25

research should be objective observation and measurement

Question 26

what is objective

Answer 26

hard facts, no personal perspectives

Question 27

qualitative arguement

Answer 27

research should be based in subjective understanding of meaning

Question 28

what is subjective

Answer 28

personal perspectives and opinions

Question 29

quantitative strengths

Answer 29

objective generalizable based on measurement and explanation describes health problems emphasis on sample or population experience

Question 30

quantitative weaknesses

Answer 30

no lived experience does not work for complexity and contradiction rigidly bound to categories

Question 31

qualitative research strengths

Answer 31

can address complex issues holistic understanding deep meaning individual experience HIGH VALIDITY

Question 32

qualitative research weaknesses

Answer 32

subjectivity replication is rare results are not generalizable convenience samples