Week 1 - word classes

Question 1

Noun

Answer 1

• person, place, thing, classification, concept, quality, or action
• care, dignity, people, table

Question 2

Pronoun

Answer 2

• word that stands for or in place of a noun

- it, he, they

Question 3

Verb

Answer 3

• Action, occurrence, condition, state of being

- rocking, drinking, consider

Question 4

Adjective

Answer 4

• Words that modify noun or pronoun
• hungry, black, five
• answers the question which, how many, what kind

Question 5

Adverb

Answer 5

• word that modifies verbs, adjectives, adverbs, clauses and whole sentences
• end in LY
• quickly, slowly, intensely

Question 6

preposition

Answer 6

• structure or function words

- to, for, about

Question 7

Conjuction

Answer 7

• structure words that join together other parts of sentences
• and, either, or, but

Question 8

interjecion

Answer 8

• Words dropped into a sentence to express emotion

- it was well

Question 9

what two elements does every sentence need?

Answer 9

a subject and predicate

Question 10

what is a subject?

Answer 10

what acts or is talked about

Question 11

what is the predicate?

Answer 11

• what the subject does or what is said about it

Question 12

what is the essential element of a sentences subject

Answer 12

a noun or a pronoun

Question 13

what is a complete subject

Answer 13

refers to the subject in its entirety - including all modifying elements

Question 14

what is a simple subject

Answer 14

refers tot he most basic element of the subject

Question 15

what is the essential element of a predicate

Answer 15

a verb

Question 16

what is a transitive verb?

Answer 16

• A verb taking a direct object
• makes a transition or conveys a movement from its subject to its object
• I THREW the ball

Question 17

what is a direct object?

Answer 17

• answers the question consisting of the verb and what or whom
• receives the action of the verb

Question 18

what is an indirect object?

Answer 18

• exists in relation to the verb (gave to whom)

Question 19

what is an object complement

Answer 19

provides more information about the direct object

Question 20

what are the four patterns to transitive verbs

Answer 20

1. subject verb direct object
   - I ate a pear
2. subject verb direct object object complement
   - she painted the chair red
3. subject verb indirect object direct object
   - i gave jack a pear
4. subject verb direct object indirect object
   - i gave a pear to jack

Question 21

what is active voice

Answer 21

subject verb direct object

- tim ate the apple

Question 22

what is passive voice?

Answer 22

1. direct object as subject - verb - proper subject
   - the apple was eaten by tim
2. direct object of verb with no subject
   - the documents have been copied

Question 23

trick to passive voice

Answer 23

add by zombies after the verb - if it makes sense its passive fix by adding a noun (subject) if it doesnt make sense its active

Question 24

what is an intransitive verb?

Answer 24

a verb without a direct object (does not lead to or require one)

Question 25

what is a linking verb?

Answer 25

links to a subject complement (more info about the subject) | - don't have objects

Question 26

what is an auxillary verb

Answer 26

go with other verbs to form verb phrases indicating tense, voice, and mood

Question 27

what is a subject complement?

Answer 27

an adjective, noun, or pronoun that describes the subject

Question 28

what is an independent clause?

Answer 28

is a clause that can stand by itself as a sentence | - i am awake

Question 29

what is a dependent clause?

Answer 29

cannot stand alone in a sentence | - even though i am awake

Question 30

what is a clause?

Answer 30

a group of words containing a subject and a predicate

Question 31

what is a simple sentence?

Answer 31

one independent clause - can have more than one predicate - can have more than one subject - can have a compound subject and a compound predicate

Question 32

what is a compound sentence?

Answer 32

two or more independent clauses | - need a coordinating conjunction

Question 33

what is a complex sentence

Answer 33

one independent and one subordinate clause | - independent clause is always the main clause of the sentence

Question 34

what is a compound complex sentence?

Answer 34

at least two independent clauses and at least one dependent clause

Question 35

what is a coordinating conjunction

Answer 35

links two independent clauses together in a compound sentence FANBOYS = for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so

Question 36

what is a subordinating conjunction

Answer 36

used to make a complex sentence | - though, although, after, as, when, while, until, before, because, if, since

Question 37

what are the two ways of a run on sentence

Answer 37

- comma splice | - fused sentence

Question 38

what are the ways to correct a run on sentence?

Answer 38

1. add a period 2. use a semicolon 3. use a comma and coordinating conjunction 4. use a subordinating conjunction

Question 39

what is the use of a semicolon?

Answer 39

- used to join two closely related sentences (or independent clauses) * can be connected by conjunctive adverbs - to avoid confusion when listing items in a series

Question 40

what are the uses of a colon?

Answer 40

- to introduce a list or thought - to introduce an idea - must be a complete thought before the colon - on the right can be a clause, phrase, or a word

Question 41

when is a colon not needed?

Answer 41

- following the words such as or including | - after a linking verb or a preposition (to, from, with, for)