Week 10

Question 1

Ingestion

Answer 1

Food enters the mouth

Question 2

Mastication (chewing)

Answer 2

Mechanically grinding food with the teeth and tongue

Question 3

Digestion

Answer 3

The chemical act of breaking down food into small molecules

Question 4

Secretion

Answer 4

Release of acid, enzymes, and water to aid in the breakdown of food

Question 5

Absorption

Answer 5

Food passes through lining of digestive tract into blood stream

Question 6

Excretion or defecation

Answer 6

Elimination of waste products

Question 7

Four quadrants

Answer 7

Question 8

Functions of digestion (gastrointestinal) system

Answer 8

Takes in
Breaks down
Use what we can
Get rid of what we do not need

Question 9

Tongue

Answer 9

Provides taste stimuli to your brain, determines temperature and manipulates food

Question 10

Salivary gland

Answer 10

3 pairs of salivary glands controlled by the autonomic nervous system

Question 11

Does food ever enter the body

Answer 11

No

Question 12

The parts of the pharynx

Answer 12

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx

Question 13

Epiglottis

Answer 13

Covers the trachea to prevent food from entering the lungs, forcing into the opening of the esophagus

Question 14

Esophagus

Answer 14

It extends from the pharynx through the thoracic cavity, through the diaphragm, connecting to the stomach in the peritoneal cavity

Question 15

Mucosa

Answer 15

Innermost layer lines the lumen of the canal

Question 16

Submucosa

Answer 16

Next layer of the lumen and is composed of soft connective tissue

Question 17

Stomach

Answer 17

Is located in the left side of the abdominal cavity, under the diaphragm and is covered completely by the liver

Question 18

Rugea

Answer 18

Folds that help the stomach expand and contract

Question 19

Defecation

Answer 19

As the rectum fills with feces, a defecation reflex occurs which causes rectal muscles to contract and the anal sphincter to relax

Question 20

Hard palates

Answer 20

The front part of the roof of your mouth

Question 21

Soft palates

Answer 21

Back part of the roof of your mouth behind the hard palates

Question 22

Bolus

Answer 22

Food that has been chewed and mixed with saliva

Question 23

Lower esophagus sphincter

Answer 23

How food bolus enters the stomach

Question 24

Chyme

Answer 24

When food is partially digested, it resembles a thick creamy liquid

Question 25

Gastric juice

Answer 25

Released by the cells that are part of the mucosal layer of the stomach layer Inhibiting infectious agents from reach the intestines

Question 26

Villi

Answer 26

In the walls of the small intestine that have tiny finger-like projections

Question 27

The three parts of the small intestine

Answer 27

The duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Question 28

Large intestine

Answer 28

At the end of junction of the small intestine and extending to the anus Water absorption, absorption of vitamins, and remove waste products

Question 29

Cecum

Answer 29

Receives any undigested food and water from the ileum Some water is reabsorbed in the cecum

Question 30

Three parts of the large intestine

Answer 30

Cecum, colon, rectum

Question 31

Appendix

Answer 31

Is attached to the Cecum. Has no known purpose

Question 32

Colon has what 4 secetions

Answer 32

Ascending colon Transverse colon Descending colon Sigmoid colon

Question 33

Rectum

Answer 33

The anal sphincter opens and closes to allow the passage of solid waste

Question 34

Liver

Answer 34

Located inferior to the diaphragm and is the largest glandular organ in the body Has a lot of functions vital to life

Question 35

Bile

Answer 35

Is a fluid released by the liver and stored in the gallbladder

Question 36

Gallbladder

Answer 36

Stores bile

Question 37

Pancreas

Answer 37

Contains Buffers and digestive enzymes into the duodenum. Buffers are needed to neutralize the acidity of the chyme

Question 38

Emulsification

Answer 38

Process of dispersing two or more liquids together to form a semi stable mixture

Question 39

Salivary glands

Answer 39

Makes Silvia, keeps your mouth moist and supports healthy teeth

Question 40

Deciduous teeth

Answer 40

Also called baby teeth, Smaller and whiter then permanent teeth

Question 41

Alimentary canal

Answer 41

A whole passage which food passes through from the mouth to the anus

Question 42

Fundus

Answer 42

The part of a hollow organ that is farthest from the opening

Question 43

Pyloric sphincter

Answer 43

Serves as a kind of gateway between the stomach and the small intestines

Question 44

Peristalsis

Answer 44

Moves the food towards the large intestine

Question 45

The difference between the functions of the large intestine and the small intestine

Answer 45

Small intestine - digestion of food and absorption of nutrients Large intestine - absorption of water and production of vitamins

Question 46

Digestive enzymes

Answer 46

Proteins that break down food and aid digestion

Question 47

Vomitting

Answer 47

Protective mechanisms Irritation or overload of food

Question 48

Diarrhea

Answer 48

Fluid contents in the small intestine are rushed through the large intestine without absorbing enough water

Question 49

Constipation

Answer 49

Feces pass to slowly through the colon and too much water is absorbed Refers to the hard consistency of stool

Question 50

Segmentation

Answer 50

Movement of food towards and through the digestive track

Question 51

Cholecystitis

Answer 51

Gallbladder inflamed

Question 52

Pancreatitis

Answer 52

Inflammation of pancreases

Question 53

How long does it take for food to get from your mouth to your rectum

Answer 53

20 hours