week 10

Question 1

eye conditions in canada

Answer 1

5.6mil ppl have eye disease that can cause vision loss

most common = cataracts

10-15% only see dark
- rest see shapes, shadows, etc.

Question 2

visual acuity and field of vision

Answer 2

visual acuity: sharpness/clarity of image
- measured via shellen test

field of vision: angle of vision/area person can see w/o moving eyes

colour blindness measured w ishiara plate test

Question 3

types of blindness

Answer 3

legal blindness: visual acuity 20/200 or less in BOTH eyes, best corrected (w glasses)
- or visual field of 20deg or narrower, like roll over eye

low vision: visual acuity 20/60, best corrected

deaf blindness: both hearing and vision loss

Question 4

canadian stats blindness

Answer 4

1/4 will be legally blind by 75

68% unemployed, most don’t get aids

vision rehab not funded by gov

25% kids vision loss…lazy eye, cross eye can cause blindness

75% preventable i.e. check ups, not smoking, drink moderately

Question 5

hyperopia vs myopia

Answer 5

myopia: nearsighted, elongated eyeball

hyperopia: farsighted, eyeball shorter and light rays focus past retina

Question 6

astigmatism

Answer 6

irregular cornea shape distorts lens

Question 7

presbyopia

Answer 7

loss of elasticity of lens and weak ciliary muscle
gradual loss

Question 8

nystagmus

Answer 8

lazy eye, invol mvmnt

Question 9

stabismus

Answer 9

cross eye, misalignment

Question 10

glaucoma

Answer 10

group of conditions w many causes

Question 11

diabetic retinopathy

Answer 11

damage to retina bcs of diabetes

Question 12

retinal detachment

Answer 12

sensory layer detached from pigmented layer, lose blood supply

Question 13

retinitis pigmentosa

Answer 13

progressive loss of peripheral vision

blindness may occur

Question 14

macular degeneration

Answer 14

part of eye for fine detail and central vision degenerates

Question 15

major concerns for blind ppl

Answer 15

attitudes of others

travel skills: maintain independence
- white cane is to check for objects, but also lets others know to move

literacy and access to info: 10% blind can read braille

Question 16

assisting ppl w eye condition

Answer 16

ID self, acknowledge presence

ask before help

use same expressions i.e. have you seen this

guide, don’t drag

Question 17

deaf vs hearing loss

Answer 17

deafness: severe loss of hearing so have impaired processing audio

hearing loss: functioning loss that impacts work, etc. w.o being deaf

Question 18

conductive

Answer 18

damaged exterior or middle ear, prevents sound from reaching other ear

Question 19

sensorineural

Answer 19

irregularities of inner ear or audio nerve, may not hear ANY sounds

Question 20

mixed

Answer 20

both conductive and sensorineural loss

Question 21

prelingual vs perilingual

Answer 21

perilingual = after obtain verb lang

prelingual = before 3y/o not yet dev lang

Question 22

pre vs postvocational

Answer 22

prevocational = before enter workforce, under 19

postvocational = after start to work

Question 23

congenital vs acquired hearing loss

Answer 23

congenital = present at birth, genetics, drugs, infection

acquired = after birth i.e. infection, injury, degenerative condition

Question 24

APA considerations for blindness

Answer 24

blind are not more likely to be injured
mark stairs w high contrast

provide orientation, familiarize w facility
be consistent w equipment placement
be clear, visible in front of class
allow dignity of risk, don’t get rid of ALL elements of risk

Question 25

APA considerations hearing loss

Answer 25

hearing aids can minimize comm difficulties cochlear implants can be safety concern use visual deonstrations peer instruction 5-G connected helmet w football athletes