Week 10

Question 1

water soluble hormones

Answer 1

• amino acid based hormones
• act on specific receptors located in the plasma membrane which then triggers response by the cell
• unable to cross plasma membrane

Question 2

lipid soluble hormones

Answer 2

• steroid hormones
• able to cross plasma membrane and enter cell
• acts on receptors located inside the cell to trigger response by cell

Question 3

humoral stimulus

Answer 3

• changing levels of a substance within the blood

Question 4

neural stimulus

Answer 4

• nerves stimulate the release of hormones by gland

Question 5

hormonal stimulus

Answer 5

• hormones released from one gland trigger another gland to release hormones

Question 6

anterior pituitary lobe

Answer 6

• glandular tissue

- makes and secretes numerous hormones

Question 7

posterior pituitary lobe

Answer 7

• nervous tissue
• stores hormones made by hypothalamus
• does not make any hormones

Question 8

posterior pituitary- childbirth

Answer 8

• stimulated by stretching of cervix by babys head
• target: uterus
• action: contractions for childbirth

Question 9

posterior pituitary- breast feeding

Answer 9

• stimulated by suckling on nipple
• target: mammary glands
• action: milk ejection

Question 10

posterior pituitary- dehydration

Answer 10

• stimulated by increase in blood solute concentrations, decrease in blood volume and blood pressure
• target: kidneys
• action: increase water reabsorption back into blood

Question 11

anterior pituitary- growth hormone

Answer 11

• target: muscles, bones, body tissues

- action: promotes growth

Question 12

anterior pituitary- ACTH

Answer 12

• target: adrenal cortex

- action: secrete cortisol

Question 13

anterior pituitary- luteinising hormone

Answer 13

• target: ovaries and testes
• action: ovaries- ovulation, estrogen&progesterone
  testes- testosterone production

Question 14

anterior pituitary- follicle stimulating hormone

Answer 14

• target: ovaries and testes

- action: egg and sperm production

Question 15

thyroid gland

Answer 15

• iodine required in diet

- action: regulated basal metabolic rate, normal tissue growth and development

Question 16

parathyroid gland

Answer 16

stimulus: low blood calcium levels

Question 17

adrenal medulla - adrenaline

Answer 17

epinephrine- adrenaline

norepinephrine- noradrenaline

Question 18

adrenal medulla

Answer 18

• increased heart rate
• vasoconstriction causing inc BP
• bronchioles dilate
• liver deposits glucose into blood
• diverts blood flow to key organs

Question 19

excessive cortisol (from prolonged stress)

Answer 19

• stimulates elevated blood glucose
• anti-inflammatory effects
• suppression of immune system
• muscle wasting
• prolonged wound healing

Question 20

pancreas

Answer 20

• secretes enzymes for food digestion
• release of hormones for regulation of blood and glucose levels
• alpha cells:glucagon
• beta cells: insulin