Week 10: Conformity, Persuasion & Obedience

Question 1

What is true about American culture regarding conformity?

a) American culture often stresses the importance of not conforming
b) American culture embraces the culture of conformity

Answer 1

a) American culture often stresses the importance of not conforming

Question 2

_____ is a change of one’s behaviour due to real or imagined influence of other people.

Answer 2

Conformity

Question 3

Which of the following is the most direct and powerful example of social influence?

a. Complying with a polite request made by a friend
b. Conforming to a group norm
c. Obedience to an order from an authority figure
d. Emotion-based attitudes

Answer 3

b. Conforming to a group norm

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true about conformity?

a. People continue to behave in a manner they think is right even though the situation is confusing.
b. People act in accordance with others when they do not fear social rejection.
c. People conform because they do not bother about the expectations of others.
d. People change their behaviour due to the powerful influence of other people.

Answer 4

d. People change their behaviour due to the powerful influence of other people.

Question 5

All of the following are reasons for why people conform, except that

a. they want to influence or become a role model for others.
b. they do not know what to do in a confusing or unusual situation.
c. they want to avoid being ridiculed or punished for being different from others.
d. they want to gain social acceptance and/or to meet others’ expectations.

Answer 5

a. they want to influence or become a role model for others.

Question 6

____ social influence is the process of relying on other people as a source of information to guide our behaviour, which leads to conformity because we believe that others’ interpretation of an ambiguous situation is correct.

Answer 6

Informational

Question 7

___ ___ is the process of conforming to other people’s behaviour out of genuine belief that what they are doing or saying is right.

Answer 7

Private acceptance

Question 8

___ ___ is the process of conforming to other people’s behaviour publicly without necessarily believing in what the other people are doing or saying, usually in an effort to avoid standing out from the crowd or looking foolish.

Answer 8

Public compliance

Question 9

The eyewitness identification experiment (Baron et al., 1996) looked at the effects of importance in conformity, which of these statements regarding their findings on INFORMATIONAL social influence are true?

a) The high-importance condition makes one less susceptible to informational social influence
b) The high-importance condition makes one more susceptible to informational social influence
c) The factor of importance does not have any effect on informational social influence

Answer 9

b) The high-importance condition makes one more susceptible to informational social influence

Question 10

In 1938, Orson Welles, an actor and film director, broadcasted a play based on a science fiction fantasy where Martians were invading Earth on the radio. Many listeners were frightened and believed that the broadcast was real. Which reason was stated to be the most likely to have caused panic among listeners in terms of social influence?

a) The play was so realistic as it parodied existing radio news shows very well, hence it caused panic to listeners
b) There was a previous broadcast regarding a UFO sighting, hence listeners believed that an attack was imminent
c) Listeners were listening with friends and family. After seeing looks of concern and fear from their loved ones, it added onto their belief that the attack was real, hence panic ensued
d) People last time were not very savvy in differentiating reality and fiction, hence they were panicked when the play was being broadcasted

Answer 10

c) Listeners were listening with friends and family. After seeing looks of concern and fear from their loved ones, it added onto their belief that the attack was real, hence panic ensued

Question 11

Which of the following statements are true about informational social influence?

a) People are more likely to conform if the situation is unambiguous as do not require much information to act
b) People are more likely to conform if the situation is a crisis as we tend to look for information from others in panicky situations
c) People are more likely to conform if they are following an expert, as they are assumed to be a reliable source of information
d) People are more likely to conform as conformity is a part of one’s genes

1. a, b, and c only
2. a, c, and d only
3. b and c only
4. a, b, c, and d

Answer 11

3. b and c only

Question 12

You closely follow a senior colleague’s advice on how to behave at an academic conference as you are unfamiliar with conference etiquettes. This is an example of:

a. private information influence.
b. public compliance influence.
c. informational social influence.
d. accuracy motivation.

Answer 12

c. informational social influence.

Question 13

Which of the following statements regarding Sherif’s (1936) study of perceptions of the autokinetic effect is true?

a. Participants conformed publicly but not privately.
b. Participants did conform, but the effects of this conformity were short lived as they reverted to their previous, individually given responses once they were no longer part of a group.
c. Participants conformed because they were in a group with their friends, and they simply wanted to fit in with the group.
d. Participants conformed because they believed the other people’s responses were accurate.

Answer 13

d. Participants conformed because they believed the other people’s responses were accurate.

Question 14

The more important it is to people to make an accurate decision,

a. the less likely they are to conform to informational social influence.
b. the more likely they are to conform to informational social influence.
c. the more they seek to make that decision on their own, uninfluenced by what the people around them have to say.
d. the more they will prefer public to private
conformity.

Answer 14

b. the more likely they are to conform to informational social influence.

Question 15

Which of the following explains why young and inexperienced army or police recruits are usually found to be willing to shoot at villagers and humiliate prisoners?

a. The situation is ambiguous and they see other soldiers doing the same.
b. They are panicky and uncertain; therefore, they rely on emulating others’ behaviours and actions.
c. They believe that this is what they are supposed to do, following the more experienced soldiers.
d. All of the above.

Answer 15

d. All of the above.

Question 16

Informational social influence is most likely to occur when:

a. a situation is unambiguous and not a crisis.
b. the other people around are not experts and the situation is not a crisis.
c. the other people around are experts and the situation is ambiguous.
d. a situation is a crisis but also unambiguous.

Answer 16

c. the other people around are experts and the situation is ambiguous.

Question 17

__ __ are implicit or explicit rules a group has for the acceptable behaviours, values, and beliefs of its members.

Answer 17

Social norms

Question 18

____ social influence refers to the process of going along with what other people do to be liked and accepted by them, leading to public conformity with the group’s beliefs and behaviours but not always the private acceptance of them.

Answer 18

Normative

Question 19

In Solomon Asch’s line-judgement task (1956), many of the participants conformed and answered incorrectly in line with the confederates. What is the most likely reason as to why they conformed?

a) Participants genuinely believed that their answers were incorrect, hence they conformed with the group’s answers
b) Participants had feared being the lone dissenter, to be socially disapproved, and it was so strong that it caused them to conform
c) The situation and the answers were ambiguous, hence the participants conformed to the group’s answers
d) The participants did not have enough time to answer, hence they decided to conform with the group’s answer

Answer 19

b) Participants had feared being the lone dissenter, to be socially disapproved, and it was so strong that it caused them to conform

Question 20

The eyewitness identification experiment (Baron et al., 1996) looked at the effects of importance in conformity, which of these statements regarding their findings on NORMATIVE social influence are true?

a) Participants under the high-importance condition conformed at a higher rate than the low-importance condition
b) Participants under the high-importance condition conformed at a lower rate than the low-importance condition
c) Participants under conformed at equal rates in both the high- and low-importance condition
d) Participants did not conform at all at the high-importance condition

Answer 20

b) Participants under the high-importance condition conformed at a lower rate than the low-importance condition

Question 21

Friend groups usually have an egalitarian norm where each member has an equal say or right in making group decisions. If one member of the group were to declare a decision in an authoritarian manner, what would most likely first occur?

a) The group would attempt to communicate with the member and try to get them to conform to the group’s expectations
b) The group would immediately single out and reject the member from the group
c) The group would attempt to communicate and if it does not work out, they would follow the member’s decision
d) The group would flip a coin and leave it to chance to decide what the decision would be

Answer 21

a) The group would attempt to communicate with the member and try to get them to conform to the group’s expectations

Question 22

___ ___ theory is the idea that conforming to social influence depends on the group’s importance, immediacy, and the number of people in the group.

Answer 22

Social impact

Question 23

According to Bibb Latane’s (1981) social impact theory, what are the three variables that make us more likely to respond to social influence?

a) strength, immediacy, number
b) strength, cooperation, norms
c) proximity, stability, norms
d) proximity, immediacy, number

Answer 23

a) strength, immediacy, number

Question 24

According to Bibb Latane’s (1981) social impact theory, ___ is one of three variables that will make you more likely to respond to social influence. The more important a group is to us, the more likely we will be to conform to its normative pressures.

Answer 24

strength

Question 25

According to Bibb Latane's (1981) social impact theory, ___ is one of three variables that will make you more likely to respond to social influence. The closer the group members are to us (both physically and emotionally), the more likely we are to be socially influenced by them.

Answer 25

immediacy

Question 26

According to Bibb Latane's (1981) social impact theory, ___ is one of three variables that will make you more likely to respond to social influence. As the size of the group increases, so does the normative pressure it exerts.

Answer 26

number

Question 27

An observation made by Edwin Hollander (1960, 1985), stated that conforming to a group over time earns you ___ ___. This refers to the amount of tolerance a person earns, over time, by conforming to group norms, allowing them to deviate from the group without retribution occasionally.

Answer 27

idiosyncrasy credits

Question 28

Your friends are all in agreement that they want to go out and eat Mala Hotpot together, however, you feel like eating Western food instead and lobby for it among the group. Which statement of what would occur next is most plausible? a) Being inside the friend group for the shortest time, your friends are less likely to be upset about your nonconformity b) As you have been inside this friend group for the longest time, you have earned the right to deviate from their normative rules for this occasion c) Your friends would immediately be upset by your decision, regardless of how long you have been inside the friend group d) Your friends would immediately change their decision and happily go along with Western food instead

Answer 28

b) As you have been inside this friend group for the longest time, you have earned the right to deviate from their normative rules for this occasion

Question 29

Most of your friends in your friend group agree that Price is the best character in Call of Duty, you disagree and think that Price is not a good character objectively, instead, you think that Mason is the best character. However, you decide not to say anything to conform with the group. Suddenly, one of your friends, Jing Yi suggests that Ghost is the best character in Call of Duty. What is the most plausible effect that may occur after Jing Yi's declaration? a) It does not particularly affect your judgement at all, you still would not nominate Mason as the best character b) You would immediately agree with Jing Yi that Ghost as the best character, as it is better than agreeing that Price is the best character c) You might feel emboldened to suggest that Mason is the best character, due to Jing Yi's declaration d) As the majority still agrees that Price is the best character, you would conform to the majority

Answer 29

c) You might feel emboldened to suggest that Mason is the best character, due to Jing Yi's declaration

Question 30

A study by Granberg & Bartels (2005) analysed Supreme Court decisions from 1953 to 2001 to see which was the most and least common decision. Based on your knowledge in social psychology, what is the most likely result of these decisions? a) The 9-0 (unanimous) decision would be the least common decision, and the 8-1 (split) decision would be the most common decision b) The 5-4 (split) decision would be the most common decision, and the 9-0 (unanimous) decision would be the least common c) The 9-0 (unanimous) decision would be the most common decision, and the 8-1 (split) decision would be the least common decision d) All decisions and randomly distributed and almost equal to each other

Answer 30

c) The 9-0 (unanimous) decision would be the most common decision, and the 8-1 (split) decision would be the least common decision

Question 31

Several studies have conducted the Solomon Asch's line experiment in different countries to see if there was any effect of culture on conformity. Which participant is the most likely to confirm in the given scenarios? a) An American student with a group of students with mixed Western ethnicities b) An American student with a group of American students c) A Japanese student with a group of Japanese students d) A Japanese student with a group of students with mixed Asian ethnicities

Answer 31

c) A Japanese student with a group of Japanese students

Question 32

___ ___ is the case where a minority of group members influences the behaviour or belief of the majority.

Answer 32

Minority influence

Question 33

Majorities often obtain ___ because of ___ social influence, whereas when minorities are persuasive, it is more likely to be through ___ because of ___ social influence. a) private acceptance, normative, public compliance, informational b) public compliance, informational, private acceptance, normative c) public compliance, normative, private acceptance, informational d) private acceptance, informational, public compliance, normative

Answer 33

c) public compliance, normative, private acceptance, informational

Question 34

Societal rules regarding acceptable behaviour are known as a. conformity. b. social norms. c. minority influence. d. convergence.

Answer 34

b. social norms.

Question 35

Asch’s line-judgment research indicated that a. participants demonstrated public conformity without private acceptance. b. every single participant conformed at least one time. c. conformity was greater when participants wrote down their responses rather than said them aloud. d. conformity occurs only on a task that is of personal importance to the individual.

Answer 35

a. participants demonstrated public conformity without private acceptance.

Question 36

When we experience informational social influence, it tends to impact _______. When we experience normative social influence, it tends to impact ______. a. public compliance; private acceptance. b. private acceptance; public compliance. c. compliance; obedience. d. obedience; compliance.

Answer 36

b. private acceptance; public compliance.

Question 37

When asked to vote for the exam format of their Social Psychology class, 43 out of 50 students wanted the exam to be in a multiple-choice question format, while the remaining students requested for at least two open-ended question to be included. After over an hour of discussion, none of the seven students were willing to change their mind. According to research, what would be the most likely response of the rest of the class to this deviance? a. They will use their majority to get the desired exam format and ignore the seven students who wanted otherwise. b. They will come to appreciate the seven students’ principled stand and begin to reconsider their own request. c. They will seek to change the minority group’s opinion by using idiosyncrasy credits. d. They will try to punish the minority group of students by being generally unpleasant toward them.

Answer 37

b. They will come to appreciate the seven students’ principled stand and begin to reconsider their own request.

Question 38

Which of the following conclusions is consistent with the predictions of social impact theory? a. Conformity is more likely among groups of strangers than within established groups that are important to us. b. Social influence increases in a linear fashion as a group grows in size; in other words, each new member added to a group adds the same amount of social influence as the previous member added. c. The more immediate a group is, the more social influence it tends to exert. d. Conformity is less prevalent in collectivist cultures than it is in individualistic cultures.

Answer 38

c. The more immediate a group is, the more social influence it tends to exert.

Question 39

Minority group members can influence the majority group members through a. normative social influence. b. informational social influence. c. public acceptance of information. d. idiosyncrasy credit.

Answer 39

b. informational social influence.

Question 40

___ ___ are people's perceptions of what behaviours are approved or disapproved of by others.

Answer 40

Injunctive norms

Question 41

___ ___ are people's perceptions of how people actually behave in given situations, regardless of whether the behaviour is approved or disapproved of by others.

Answer 41

Descriptive norms

Question 42

A study by Reno, Cladini, & Kallgren (1993) looked into the effects of injunctive and descriptive norms and conformity in terms of littering. Which interpretation of the results are the most correct? a) Participants exposed to the injunctive norm tended to litter the least compared to the other conditions b) Participants exposed to the descriptive norm tended to litter the least compared to the other conditions c) Regardless of whether the environment, the tendency of participants, exposed to either norms, increased the likelihood of littering d) Participants in the clean condition tended to litter less when exposed to either norm

Answer 42

a) Participants exposed to the injunctive norm tended to litter the least compared to the other conditions

Question 43

You were exposed to an injunctive norm of returning your tray after eating during your meal. Which scenario would be the most likely to cause you to conform? a) If you were seated alone b) If you were seated beside a stranger c) If you were seated beside your friend d) If you were seated beside someone you dislike

Answer 43

c) If you were seated beside your friend

Question 44

The ___ ___ describes when an attempt made to persuade someone results in the opposite effect, causing them to strengthen their original belief or adopt an opposing position.

Answer 44

boomerang effect

Question 45

A university administrator attempted to decrease alcohol binge drinking on campuses by printing out posters stating "students at your school, on average, consume only 3 drinks a week!" What is the most plausible issue that may occur from this poster? a) Students would feel encouraged to rebel against the university, resulting in increasing their alcohol intake b) Students who consume less than 3 drinks a week may instead increase their alcohol intake to conform with the norm c) Students would ignore the poster as they are unlikely to conform with the norm set by the university d) Students may feel that the university is encouraging drinking and may continue to increase their alcohol intake

Answer 45

b) Students who consume less than 3 drinks a week may instead increase their alcohol intake to conform with the norm

Question 46

The ___-___-___-___ technique is a social influence strategy in which getting people to agree first to a small request makes them more likely to agree later to a second, larger request.

Answer 46

Foot-in-the-Door technique

Question 47

The ___-___-___-___ technique is a social influence strategy in which first asking people for a large request, that they will probably refuse, makes them more likely to agree later to a second, smaller request.

Answer 47

Door-in-the-Face technique

Question 48

___ is a deliberate, systematic attempt to advance a cause by manipulating mass attitudes and behaviours, often through misleading or emotionally charged information.

Answer 48

Propaganda

Question 49

A ____ norm involves perceptions of which behaviours society approves of; a ____ norm involves perceptions of how people actually behave. a. public; private b. private; public c. descriptive; injunctive d. injunctive; descriptive

Answer 49

d. injunctive; descriptive

Question 50

Almost everyone knows that littering is wrong, but not everyone follows this principle—at least not all the time. Based on the idea of descriptive and injunctive norms, which of the following interventions would be most effective in promoting and sustaining anti-littering behavior? a. Present people with a video showing the importance of keeping our environment clean. b. Present people with statistical data showing the prevalence of littering behavior. c. Present people with information showing the consequence or punishment for littering. d. Present people with statistical data showing how cooperative most people are in keeping the environment clean.

Answer 50

d. Present people with statistical data showing how cooperative most people are in keeping the environment clean.

Question 51

Which of the following provides an illustration of how the use of norms to change behavior can backfire and produce a “boomerang effect”? a. Jerry finds out that everyone in his building is conserving water by installing a low-flow shower head, so he decides that he doesn’t need to worry about conserving, and he begins taking even longer showers than usual. b. Elaine notices that the new, attractive guy at the office brings a reusable cup instead of bottled water, so she goes out of her way to show off her reusable cup whenever he is in the vicinity in order to win his affection. c. Kramer finds out that he is using more electricity than most people in the neighborhood, so he cuts down on his usage by shutting off his computer, lights, and hot tub every time he leaves his apartment. d. George finds out that all of his neighbors are stealing cable television, so he decides that he will get an illegal cable hookup as well.

Answer 51

a. Jerry finds out that everyone in his building is conserving water by installing a low-flow shower head, so he decides that he doesn’t need to worry about conserving, and he begins taking even longer showers than usual.

Question 52

The foot-in-the-door technique a. works only when the second request comes from the same person as the first request. b. capitalizes on people’s desire for self-consistency. c. is an example of propaganda. d. works only when the requests come from someone in a position of authority.

Answer 52

b. capitalizes on people’s desire for self-consistency.

Question 53

The door-in-the-face technique a. is an example of informational social influence. b. illustrates the importance of people’s desire to be accurate. c. relies at least in part on norms of reciprocity. d. is more likely to work during a time of crisis.

Answer 53

c. relies at least in part on norms of reciprocity.

Question 54

____ refers to a change in one's behaviour due to the direct influence of an authority figure.

Answer 54

Obedience

Question 55

The role of ___ social influence on obedience is that normative pressures make it difficult for people to stop obeying authority figures. They want to please the authority figure by doing a good job.

Answer 55

normative

Question 56

The role of ___ social influence on obedience is that in confusing situations with competing, ambiguous demands. If unclear about how to define what is going on, they would follow the orders of an expert or authority figure.

Answer 56

informational

Question 57

Adhering to the __ norm can result in obedience as it is difficult for people to abandon their initial norms. A fast-paced scenario can also result in preventing someone from stopping to reflect on what they were doing.

Answer 57

wrong

Question 58

One of the reasons why obedience was salient in the Milgram experiment was due to ___ ___ ___, whereby the incremental nature of shocks created a situation where the participant self-justified their behaviour at small increments, making it easier to go on to the next voltage level in small amounts.

Answer 58

escalation of commitment

Question 59

One critical reason in the Milgram shock experiment as to why participants continued to obey was the ___ ___ ___ ___, the participants may have felt that all responsibility lied on the experimenter as they were the ones in charge. Hence, they might convince themselves that they were just following the orders of the experimenter and not feel responsible.

Answer 59

loss of personal responsibility

Question 60

Which of the following was a goal of Milgram’s obedience research? a. To identify the abnormal personality characteristics associated with sadistic behavior b. To justify and exonerate the behaviors linked to genocide and other inhuman acts c. To better understand the social forces that contribute to destructive and immoral behavior d. To identify cultural differences in aggression

Answer 60

c. To better understand the social forces that contribute to destructive and immoral behavior

Question 61

Which of the following statements about Milgram’s obedience study is true? a. When the experimenter was in the same room as the participant, obedience decreased. b. No “teacher” participant attempted to end the study and help the “learner” participant. c. When other “teachers” refused to continue with the study, participants’ obedience rates declined significantly. d. The Milgram experiment was conducted in the 1960s and can no longer be replicated.

Answer 61

c. When other “teachers” refused to continue with the study, participants’ obedience rates declined significantly.

Question 62

___ ___ can also be a factor in obedience, for example, in Milgram's shock experiment. If the learner (the one being shocked) was closer to the participant, obedience decreased. If the experimenter was closer to the participant, obedience increased.

Answer 62

Physical proximity

Question 63

Which of the following is one of the reasons the participants in Milgram’s study followed the orders by the experimenters? a. The participants unintentionally adhered to a norm that did not exist by blindly obeying the experimenter when they were not required to. b. The participants were caught in an escalation of commitment by increasing the electric shocks by a small increment of 15 volts, one step at a time. c. The participants thought the learner deserved the electric shocks for not getting the test questions right even though they were easy. d. The participants did not care about the purpose of the study since they were there to receive monetary reward.

Answer 63

b. The participants were caught in an escalation of commitment by increasing the electric shocks by a small increment of 15 volts, one step at a time.

Question 64

Which of the following is a common ethical concern raised about the Milgram study? a. Participants’ compensation was low. b. Participants were forced to learn unpleasant things about themselves without agreeing to that ahead of time. c. Participants were never given the chance to serve in the role of learner. d. Participants had to receive a sample shock of 75 volts before the study began.

Answer 64

b. Participants were forced to learn unpleasant things about themselves without agreeing to that ahead of time.

Question 65

Which of the following is a change that Burger (2009) made from the original Milgram study when he replicated the research several decades later? a. He examined only female participants. b. The study was stopped once participants went past 150 volts. c. He told participants that the study was part of research on the effects of punishment on learning. d. He paid participants for their involvement.

Answer 65

b. The study was stopped once participants went past 150 volts.

Question 66

In Sherif’s experiment (1936) involving the autokinetic effect, the participants tended to converge in their answers when they answered in groups, while there was a bigger difference in responses when they answered individually. What explains this convergence of answers? a. Informational social influence b. Normative social influence c. Obedience to authority d. Norms of reciprocity

Answer 66

a. Informational social influence

Question 67

Which of the following is true, according to social impact theory? a. People conform more to others who are physically close than to others who are physically distant. b. People conform more if the others are important to them. c. People conform more to three or more people than to one or two people. d. All of the answers are true.

Answer 67

d. All of the answers are true.

Question 68

In Asch’s line studies, participants who were alone when asked to report the length of the lines gave the correct answer 98% of the time. However, when they were with the confederates who sometimes gave an obviously wrong answer, 76% of participants gave the wrong answer at least once. This suggests that Asch’s studies are an illustration of: a. public compliance with private acceptance. b. public compliance without private acceptance. c. informational influence. d. private compliance.

Answer 68

b. public compliance without private acceptance.

Question 69

Which of the following is true about informational social influence? a. When deciding whether to conform, people should ask themselves whether the other people know more about what is going on than they do. b. People should always try to resist it. c. People are most likely to conform when others have the same level of expertise as they do. d. Often, people publicly conform but do not privately accept this kind of influence.

Answer 69

a. When deciding whether to conform, people should ask themselves whether the other people know more about what is going on than they do.

Question 70

In the experiment by Reno, Cialdini, and Kalligren (1983), the confederate’s littering behaviour was expected to remind participants of a/an ____ norm against littering in the clean environment. Seeing the confederate picking up someone else’s litter invoked the ____ norm that littering is wrong in both the clean as well as littered environments. a. social; descriptive b. injunctive; descriptive c. descriptive; injunctive d. informational; injunctive

Answer 70

c. descriptive; injunctive

Question 71

Which of these statements is not true? a. Both normative and informational social influence can occur for a particular situation. b. Normative social influence occurs when we change or conform our behaviour to match that of others. c. In the Asch line-judgment studies, the main source of social influence was normative. d. Normative social influence usually leads to a more internalized, private attitude change.

Answer 71

d. Normative social influence usually leads to a more internalized, private attitude change.

Question 72

Nancy gets to know that the city officials want to construct a new highway near her house. Initially she wasn’t sure if this was a good or a bad idea. A few days later, she attends a city council meeting where she hears several viewpoints and arguments presented before the audience. She also obtains detailed information about the highway project. After the meeting is over, she returns home and tells her neighbours that the new highway seems like a good idea. Nancy’s change in attitude regarding the project reflects a a. public compliance. b. private acceptance. c. normative social influence. d. boomerang effect.

Answer 72

b. private acceptance.

Question 73

In Milgram’s research study, a. participants were informed about the true nature of the study. b. informed consent was taken from the participants. c. it was made clear to participants that they could withdraw from the study at any time. d. participants were not informed about the true nature of the study.

Answer 73

d. participants were not informed about the true nature of the study.

Question 74

Which of the following strategies of social influence creates a situation similar to that experienced by Milgram’s study in that it relies on requests that increase in severity in incremental fashion? a. Contagion b. Foot-in-the-door technique c. Door-in-the-face technique d. Descriptive norms

Answer 74

b. Foot-in-the-door technique

Question 75

The police were called up to break an argument between Julianna and Tim. The couple lived together, but the police told Tim to spend the night at a friend’s house. Tim did what the police told him to do. This is an example of _______ a. informational social influence. b. normative social influence. c. obedience. d. conformity

Answer 75

c. obedience.