Week 10 Disease Biology

Question 1

Infection

Answer 1

pathogen colonizes, ends when host dies or immune system clears

Question 2

infectious

Answer 2

organism in a person can cause other infections

Question 3

Disease

Answer 3

impairment if function( symptoms present)

Question 4

Acute

Answer 4

short term period (days to months)

Question 5

Chronic

Answer 5

long term period( years)

Question 6

incubation

Answer 6

After infection before disease

Question 7

Communicability

Answer 7

ability of organism to cause new infections

Question 8

R0

Answer 8

Mean number of new infections per infected person in a pop. of susceptible people.

Question 9

vector transmission

Answer 9

another species needed to transmit to new host. Ex.(mosquito for malaria)

Question 10

Asymptomatic carrier

Answer 10

can spread organism to new host but no disease present.

Question 11

Latency

Answer 11

period where individual is infected but lacks symptoms and cannot cause infection of new host

Question 12

What do pathogens need?

Answer 12

-Reproduce
-Immune Evasion
-Find a new host (infect)

Question 13

Direct transmisssion

Answer 13

direct contact or immediate contact with released droplets

Question 14

Vehicle transmission

Answer 14

organisms transferred by food/water or droplets settle on surfaces

Question 15

vector transmission

Answer 15

organisms transferred by another organisms

Question 16

Epidemiology

Answer 16

occurrence, distribution, and control of disease

Question 17

Epidemic

Answer 17

widespread disease in a community at a certain time

Question 18

Pandemic

Answer 18

widespread disease worldwide at a certain time

Question 19

Outbreak

Answer 19

Sudden or initial spread of a disease in a community at a particular time

Question 20

Endemic

Answer 20

Constant presence of a disease/infection at a similar
level in a geogr. area

Question 21

Sporadic

Answer 21

Infrequent or irregular presence of a disease/infection

Question 22

Descriptive Epidemiology

Answer 22

Time, Place, & Person

Question 23

Analytical Epidemiology

Answer 23

identify the relationship between an
exposure/condition and a health outcome

Question 24

Microbiome

Answer 24

All microorganisms on and in human body(microbiota, normal flora)

Question 25

Biofilm

Answer 25

microbial cells in a gel-like matrix; usually successional community (e.g., tooth plaque)

Question 26

Superinfection

Answer 26

infection with another organisms or strain after or in addition to an earlier infection.

Question 27

Reinfection

Answer 27

infection with the same organisms or strain of organism again after it was previously eliminated.

Question 28

Coinfection

Answer 28

infection with two different organisms or strains of organisms at approx. the same time.