Week 10 Transtibial

Question 1

what percentage of gait is each phase?

Answer 1

stance phase: 60%
swing phase: 40%

Question 2

what is stride length?

Answer 2

distance between initial contacts of the same foot
average: 5ft

Question 3

what is step length?

Answer 3

distance between initial contact of one foot and initial contact of the opposite foot
average: 2.5ft

Question 4

what is walking speed?

Answer 4

meters per second

Question 5

what is the single best index of walking ability?

Answer 5

walking speed

Question 6

what is cadence?

Answer 6

steps per minute

Question 7

what is the 1st rocker?

Answer 7

-heel rocker
-calcaneal tuberosity acts as fulcrum, shock absorption and preserving momentum
-initial contact/loading response

Question 8

what is the 2nd rocker?

Answer 8

-ankle rocker
-advance tibia over the stationary foot
-midstance

Question 9

what is the 3rd rocker?

Answer 9

-forefoot rocker
-metatarsal heads axis of progression beyond the area of the foot support, increased demand on calf muscles

Question 10

what is the 4th rocker?

Answer 10

-toe rocker
-body weight is transferred to the anterior aspect of the forefoot and big toe, accelerate limb advancement

Question 11

what is the difference between energy required for gait with normal patients and transtibial patients?

Answer 11

-energy required per distance travelled for transtibial patients is much higher
-need 25% more energy for traumatic amputation
-need 40% more energy for vascular amputation

Question 12

what are some factors affecting gait?

Answer 12

age, gender, LE length, strength, variability of people

Question 13

With a pathology how is energy costs maintained?

Answer 13

by decreasing gait velocity

Question 14

what are some factors that contribute to the efficient prosthetic gait?

Answer 14

-weight acceptance of each leg
-balance in single limb stand on each leg
-advancement of each limb
-adaptation to environment and environmental demands

Question 15

what are the factors that determine prosthetic gait?

Answer 15

-level of amputation
-technical characteristics of the componentry
-muscle strength
-ROM hip/knee

Question 16

what are some characteristics of transtibial gait?

Answer 16

-stance phase is shorter on prosthetic side
-step length is longer on the prosthetic side
-self-selected velocity is slower
-decreased cadence, gait speed
-average stride length is shorter
-can be asymmetrical gait
-differs in kinematics and kinetics mostly due to type of prothesis- particularly foot component
-energy consumption at any speed is greater than normal

Question 17

what is the difference in loading response for a TT amputee?

Answer 17

ankle pf is reduced, more foot flat at initial contact due to short step

Question 18

what is the difference in midstance for a TT amputee?

Answer 18

ankle dorsiflexion is 1/2 of normal

Question 19

what is the difference in terminal stance for a TT amputee?

Answer 19

there is no GRF push off, nor active pf unless provided by a microprocessor foot