Week 11: Factors Influencing Retrieval

Question 1

What are the three factors influencing retrieval?

Answer 1

1. Serial Position Effect
2. Encoding Specificity Hypothesis
3. State Dependent Memory Effect

Question 2

What is the Serial Position Effect?

Answer 2

Idea that we can recall information more easily at the start and end of a sequence than the information in the middle

Question 3

What is the Primary Effect?

Answer 3

Tendency to recall information at the beginning of a sequence

Question 4

What is the recency effect?

Answer 4

Tendency to recall information at the end of a sequence

Question 5

What is the Encoding Specificity Hypothesis?

Answer 5

Idea that we can retrieve information more easily when in the same context as when we initially learned it.

Question 6

What was the study of Godden and Baddeley?

Answer 6

Scuba divers asked to recall info in different contexts

Question 7

What explains discrepancies in Encoding Specificity Hypothesis?

Answer 7

the more completely and carefully people encode information to be remembered, the less dependent they are on reinstating the original context/environment

Question 8

What is the State-Dependent-Memory Effect?

Answer 8

Idea that our internal state influences our memory

better for recall than recognition

we recall information better when in the same state

Question 9

Who was Hermann Ebbinghaus?

Answer 9

conducted the first experimental studies on learning and memory using nonsense syllables and himself as the test subject.
He repeated the list until he could recall it without error = mastery

RESULTS:
- forgetting begins quickly and then gradually tapers off
- meaningful information is more easily remembered