Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Behavioural and Cognitive Neuroscience EXAM > Week 11 Lecture > Flashcards

Week 11 Lecture Flashcards

(47 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are 4 types of attention?

A
  1. arousal/alertness
  2. vigilance/sustained attention
  3. selective attention
  4. divided attention
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is arousal mediated by?

A

the reticular activating system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are 2 models of attention (2)

A
  1. voluntary attention
  2. reflexive attention
  3. overt attention
  4. covert attention
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is voluntary attention?

A

intentional, top down, goal directed, guided by knowledge, experience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is reflexive attention?

A

attentional capture, bottom up, stimulus driven

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is top down processing?

A

knowledge driven

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is overt attention?

A

move, eyes, head body towards region of interest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is covert attention?

A

attention to spatial locations independent of eye gaze

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is dichotic listening tasks?

A

attention to one ear leads to better encoding and loss or degradation of information from the unattended ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are are two exams of selective listening?

A
  1. cocktail party phenomenon

2. dichotic listening task

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is proposed in the Broadbent’s bottleneck theory?

A

early models which postulated early selection, selection prior to completion of perceptual analysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is late selection in early models proposed of attention?

A

says that selection occurs after some semantic encoding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is Treisman’s attenuation theory (1969).

A

somewhat combines early and late selection models

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is unilateral spatial neglect?

A

neglect of one side of space following unilateral damage to cortical or subcortical areas (on the opposite side of the lesion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Does unilateral spatial neglect usually improve over time?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Unilateral spatial neglect patients general show what?

A

an eye movement bias towards unlesioned side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Can double dissociation occur both in imagined and real life objects?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Double disassociation can occur both in what?

A

object based, space based, real of imagined

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is extinction in unilateral spatial neglect lesioned patients?

Study These Flashcards
A

failure to perceive or act on stimuli contralateral to lesions when simultaneously presented with stimulus ipsilateral to lesion

20
Q

What are the 3 main symptoms of Balint’s syndrome?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. inability to perceive more than an object at a time
  2. inability to reach in direction of an object under visual guidance
  3. inability to voluntarily shift gaze to new visual stimuli
21
Q

What is simultanagnosia?

Study These Flashcards
A

inability to perceive more than an object at a time

22
Q

What is optic ataxia?

Study These Flashcards
A

inability to reach in direction of an object under visual guidance

23
Q

What is ocular apraxia?

Study These Flashcards
A

inability to voluntarily shift gaze to new visual stimuli

24
Q

What are the parietal lobes concerned with?

Study These Flashcards
A

Interpreting the 3D representation of our world.

25
Attentional modulation of visual ERPs occur as early as what?
70-90 ms in voluntary spatial cues in tasks, evidence for early attention
26
Can visual attention effects even manifest before cortical processing?
yes, at the level of the thalamus
27
Both spatial and feature cues can improve performance, but what occurs later in processing?
attention
28
Where are some places that selective attention can be directed to?
spatial locations, features, objects, resulting in enhanced processing
29
According to Petersen and Posner's theory of attentional network, what are the 3 aspects responsible for attention?
1. alerting 2. orienting 3. executive control
30
What is alerting according to Petersen and Posners, 2012 model of attentional network?
general level or arousal/vigilance
31
What is orienting according to Petersen and Posners, 2012 model of attentional network?
directing of attention to prioritise external information
32
What is executive control according to Petersen and Posners, 2012 model of attentional network?
higher level regulation of information from other systems
33
What is the alerting network?
- automatic/arousal based - norepinephrine projections from midbrain to cortex - tonic alerting - phasic alterting
34
What is orienting network?
prioritise information by selecting location, feature, modality etc maybe mediated by acetyl choline
35
What is the executive control network?
- top down control over other systems - mediated by dopamine? - implicated in ADHD
36
What are the 2 networks in the executive control networks>
1. fronto-parietal network | 2. cingulo-opercular network
37
What is the dorsal control network postulated to be used for in attention?
goal directed, spatial attention
38
What is the ventral reorienting network postulated to be used for in attention?
reflexive, non-spatial, right lateralised
39
What are the subcortical areas in attention?
superior colliculus, pulvinar of thalamus
40
What are frontal eye fields important for in the dorsal attention network?
voluntary eye movements, gaze shifts, and covert visuospatial attention
41
What are parietal areas important for in the dorsal attention network?
enhanced activity when stimulus is target of saccadic eye movements, covert attention,
42
What is the ventral attention network important for?
-detecting novelty and multimodal attentional reorienting
43
What is damage to the ventral attention network often associated with?
neglect
44
Posner showed that neglect patients have difficulty orienting attention to where after being cued to ipsilesional space?
contralesional space
45
What are the 2 things which the superior colliculus important for?
- detect and shift attention to salient locations via reflexive eye movements - responds when eye movements are made to attended targets (overt shifts of attention)
46
What is the pulvinar important for (attention)?
- important for covert and overt attention - engagement of spatial attention - filtering distracting information
47
What did Peterson find when injecting a GABA agonist in the pulvinar?
disrupts shifting of covert attention to contralateral visual field regardless of cue validity

Behavioural and Cognitive Neuroscience EXAM (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions