Week 11 with Piaget Flashcards
What is the idea behind Piaget’s stages of development?
Development is
discontinuous, involving periods
of relatively steady states
punctuated by periods of rapid
change.
Sensorimotor Stage
Birth to 2 years
Infants know the world through their senses and through their actions. For example, they learn what a dog looks like and what patting them feels like.
Preoperational Stage
2 – 7 years
Children acquire the ability to use mental representations. They can think use language and mental imagery to go beyond the here-and-now. They aren’t yet able to manipulate their representations.
Concrete Operational Stage
7-12 years
Children can now manipulate their representations. They can classify objects into coherent categories and understand the influence of multiple factors in combination.
Formal Operational Stage
12+ years
Adults can reason logically. They can engage in systematic scientific hypothesis testing. They can think hypothetically about what might be, which allows them to understand politics, ethics and scientific reasoning.
Define developmental psychology
The study of change in behavior and thinking over time
Contrast nature and nurture
Nature is genes and such while nurture is environmental factors
What is cross sectional research design and its strengths and weaknesses
Cross sectional is when you get a big group and do stuff at one time. A strength is they are cheaper. A weakness is you can’t find cause and effect.
What is longitudinal research design and its strengths and weaknesses
Longitudinal studies are used with smaller groups doing stuff over a period of time. A strength is you can determine cause and effect. A weakness is some people may drop out of the study.
Describe Piaget’s Theory
Children construct knowledge for themselves at different stages of life
What is Conservation (Piaget’s Theory)
Understanding that a taller cup does not mean more liquid. Happens in the pre-operational stage (2-7)
What are Schemas (Piaget’s Theory)
Generalized knowledge structures about the world
What is Object Permanance (Piaget’s Theory)
Understanding that something which cannot be seen still exists within the world
Describe Vygotsky’s Theory
Focuses on social influences on develpment
Describe Baumrind’s 4 Parenting Styles
Authoritative, Authoritarian, Permissive, Uninvolved
