Week 12 Flashcards
What is a prerequisite for a source of a sound?
It must vibrate
What are the two properties for vibration?
Mass and elasticity
What is a wave?
A disturbance that travels through a medium
Describe a longitudinal wave.
Particle displacement is parallel to the direction of the wave propagation
What are compressions?
Regions of high density, such as high density of air particles
What are rarefractions?
Regions of low density, such as a low density of air molecules
What is amplitude?
The magnitude and direction of displacement of a particle from its rest position, perceptual correlate is loudness
What is wave length?
The distance to complete one full cycle, is measured in meters
What is frequency?
Rate of vibratory motion or number of cycles completed per second, perceptual correlate is pitch
What is a period?
The time it takes to complete one cycle
What frequency range can humans hear?
20-20,000 Hz
What is a decibel?
A logarithmic scale used to measure sound
What are the four anatomical regions of the auditory system?
Outer ear, inner ear, middle ear, and central auditory nervous system
What is apart of the conductive auditory system? What does it do?
The outer and middle ear
It helps conduct sound into the inner ear
What is apart of the sensorineural auditory system? What does it do?
the inner ear and brain
Contains sensory organs
What is the anatomy of the outer ear?
The pinna, external auditory canal, and the cartilage
What is the function of the outer ear?
Direct acoustic energy further into the ear, protection, and localize sound
What is the anatomy of the middle ear?
The tympanic membrane, ossicular chain, eustachian tube, and middle ear muscles
What is the main function of the middle ear?
Convert acoustic energy into mechanical energy
What is the anatomy of the inner ear?
Cochlea, the balance system, fluid filled
What is the main function of the inner ear?
Converts energy from mechanical to electrical
How is the basilar membrane organized?
Tonotopically, high frequences = base, low frequencies = apex
What is the function of the vestibule and semicircular canals?
Detect body movements and provide a sense of balance
Which nerve sends information to the auditory cortex?
Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN8)
