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LASER 2012 > week 12 LLLT > Flashcards

week 12 LLLT Flashcards

1
Q

what is the chromophore on mitochondria cells?

A

Cytochrome c oxidase

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2
Q

explain how ATP is synthesized

A

the chromophore on the mitochondrial cell is stimulated by LLLT which causes the ADP to be synthesized into ATP

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3
Q

How does LLLT help reduce pain? (4)

A

Increases endorphin’s, blocks pain nerve pathways, increases nitric oxide production, increases nerve cell potential.

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4
Q

How does LLLT help reduce pain? (4) second lot

A

nerve cell regeneration, decreases Bradykinin levels, increase acetylcholine & normalizes Ca+, NA+ & K+

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5
Q

what are the 3 stages of inflammation?

A

proliferation, remodeling & maturation.

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6
Q

what does LLLT do for tissue healing (general)

A

enhances the progression through the stages of inflammation.

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7
Q

What are the benefits of LLLT on tissue healing (8)

A

Leukocyte infiltration, increase in macrophage activity(accelerates phagocytosis, stimulates collagen),increase neovascularisation, increased fibroblasts proliferation, keratinocyte proliferation, early epithelialisation, increase in GF, enhanced cell proliferation, healed wound strength.

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8
Q

can you use LLLT on children?

A

yes

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9
Q

Is a pace maker a contraindication for LLLT

A

no

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10
Q

is LLLT electrotherapy or phototherapy

A

phototherapy

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11
Q

what are absolute contraindications for LLLT

A

treatment over eyes! thyroid glands, carcinomas

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12
Q

Can you use LLLT over the eyelid?

A

yes

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13
Q

can you use LLLT after steroid injections?

A

not straight away

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14
Q

can you do LLLT on a pregnant lady?

A

with caution

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15
Q

if someone was using anti inflammatory medications what would be the response from LLLT

A

they may not respond as quick,.

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16
Q

what would happen if you did LLLT on someone taking anti-coagulants?

A

they may bruise easily, use minimal pressure.

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17
Q

what does PRR stand for?

A

pulse repetition rate

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18
Q

why is the pulse repetition rate so important?

A

it determines, whether it bio-stimulates or inhibits

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19
Q

if you want to heal something what PRR would you use? (high or low)

A

low PRR

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20
Q

if you want to inhibit bacteria in an area what PRR would you use?

A

high PRR

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21
Q

If you had active acne, what PRR would you use?

A

High (inhibit) over the bacteria & low (bio-stimulate) around the area to help the healing.

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22
Q

after 6 treatments what should you do, to avoid accommodation?

A

stop treatment.

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23
Q

what Hz is considered to be ‘low’ PRR

A

2.5-20Hz

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24
Q

What is considered to be ‘medium’ Hz PRR

A

73-700Hz

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25
What is considered to be 'High' PRR?
1,000- 20,000 (1 K- 20 KHz)
26
what PRR would you use to inhibit? (detailed)
HIGH 1000 - 20000
27
what is the maximum j/cm for open wounds?
16 joules per cm 2
28
what is the maximum joules per cm squared that can be delivered to intact skin?
24 joules per cm 2
29
if your patient is over 60, what should you be doing with the joules?
double them
30
if the patient is under 12 what should you do with the joules?
half them
31
how often should you treat someone with a chronic condition such as an ulcer?
twice weekly
32
how often should you treat someone with an acute condition such as a surgical wound or a burn?
daily or every 2nd day
33
if someone had eczema how often can you treat them?
leave an interval of 2-3 days and use low dose
34
where in the cell is the Red light absorbed?
The mitochondria
35
what is the red light a good source of stimulation for?
growth factors
36
what conditions is red light more suited for?
superficial conditions
37
where is the Infrared light absorbed in the cell?
the cell wall
38
What light does the Spectra probe produce?
Red
39
what light does the photon probe produce?
infrared
40
what light does the pulsar plus produce?
infrared
41
what light does the multiscan produce?
red- infrared.
42
does the multiscan inhibit or bio stimulate?
It can do both
43
what is the recommended ED for chronic pain?
4 - 15 j/cm2
44
what should you do with the ED when treating fitz 5 or 6?
Increase ED
45
when would you use the non- contact method?
on a higher fitz
46
what condition would you use non contact method with?
open wounds
47
if you are treating an open would how would you treat it with the laser head?
treat by scanning over the area in non contact method twice, and treat around the margin like a checker board.
48
would you inhibit or bio stimulate?
inhibit always
49
what area would you bio stimulate when treating pain?
bio stimulate the nearest lymph node
50
what treatment head is best for pain?
the pulsar plus
51
treatment plan for acute pain...
within 12 hours, daily for 3 days, then twice weekly
52
treatment plan for chronic pain...
twice weekly for 6 weeks
53
treatment plan for joint conditions...
twice weekly for 6 weeks
54
treatment plan for neurotic pain...
twice weekly for 6 weeks
55
treatment plan for non healing wounds...
twice weekly until resolved
56
treatment plan for post operative pain...
within 1 hour of surgery and daily...
57
what is the 1st thing to decide when making a treatment plan?
determine if you will bio stimulate or inhibit
58
what PRR do you use if you are bio stimulating?
2.5Hz
59
what PRR do you use if you are inhibiting?
continuous or 20kHz
60
what is the second thing you decide in a treatment plan?
contact or non contact
61
do you work proximal to distal or distal to proximal
proximal to distal
62
when do you treat the lymph nodes?
before every treatment
63
when would I use an LED probe?
when its less the 1 cm in depth
64
when treating an ulcer what order do you treat?
lymph nodes, margin and scan the center of the wound
65
would you bio stimulate or inhibit over an leg ulcer?
bio stimulate & inhibit on infection
66
what probe would I use on a leg ulcer to inhibit if there is infection?
spectra (visible red)
67
what cells are we stimulating when we bio stimulate a wound
macrophage's, lymphocytes...
68
If I was treating an 8 year old with an open wound, would I half the ED, why?
no, because we are doing non contact and we need to accommodate for the loss of energy.
69
if some one if suffering pain from an open wound, what would I do?
inhibit the pain at the source & the nerve endings in the spine

LASER 2012 (10 decks)

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