Week 13 Exam 3

Question 1

o Activities of daily living (ADLs)

Answer 1

 Putting on clothes
 Feeding oneself
 Moving from bed to chair
 Walking
 Using the toilet
 Bathing

Question 2

o Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)

Answer 2

 Cooking
 Housecleaning
 Taking medications
 Laundry
 Shopping
 Personal finances
 Communication
 Transportation

Question 3

o Frailty

Answer 3

Multiple indicators of failing: low energy, weakness, weight loss, brittle bones, poor balance
1/3 of older adults are frail for at least a year before death.
Movement and exercise can prevent or minimize frailty. Any movement is better than none.

Long-term residential care is complex, in every way.
A lesson learned from the Covid-19 pandemic: family visits matter.

Question 4

• Understand and be able to describe Erikson’s eighth stage, “integrity versus despair.”

Answer 4

o INTEGRITY
o WHOLENESS
o FEELING SATISFIED WITH WHO YOU ARE
o AND HAPPY WITH YOUR LIFE’S ACCOMPLISHMENTS
o REMEMBERING THE PAST WITH GRATITUDE
o LOOKING FORWARD TO THE FUTURE WITH HOPE
o PASSING ON WISDOM AND TRADITIONS TO YOUNGER GENERATIONS
o “POSITIVITY EFFECT”: LOOKING ON THE BRIGHT SIDE; REMEMBERING THE GOOD PARTS

Question 5

• Joan Erikson proposed a “ninth stage” of development. What is the “ninth stage”? To which age range does
  it correspond? Compare and contrast it to the eight earlier stages of development

Answer 5

Late 80s

Question 6

• Be able to describe hoarding disorder and its associated safety issues.

Answer 6

o DIFFICULTY GIVING UP POSSESSIONS, REGARDLESS OF VALUE
o PERCEIVED NEED TO SAVE POSSESSIONS
o DISTRESS AT (NOTION OF) GIVING THEM UP
o CLUTTER INTERFERES WITH MOVEMENT AND USE OF HOME
o HOARDING CAUSES DISTRESS OR IMPAIRMENT OF FUNCTIONING
o FOR OLDER PEOPLE, ESPECIALLY, HOARDING IS A SERIOUS SAFETY ISSUE

Question 7

• Be able to describe some safety modifications to the homes of older adults.

Answer 7

o MOST OLDER ADULTS WANT TO STAY HOME AND “AGE IN PLACE”
o “UNIVERSAL DESIGN” MAKES HOMES LIVABLE
o FOR EXAMPLE, BY ADDING A STAIR LIFT OR LOWERING KITCHEN CABINETS
o SAFETY MATTERS: BRIGHT LIGHTING, NO THROW RUGS, GRAB BARS, ETC. AND WALKABLE, AGE-FRIENDLY NEIGHBORHOODS
o BY AGE 85, MOST OLDER ADULTS WILL NEED HELP IN THEIR HOMES

Question 8

• Be able to describe some characteristics of frailty in older adults.

Answer 8

o Multiple indicators of failing: low energy, weakness, weight loss, brittle bones, poor balance