Week 13 Lecture

Question 1

List 4 negative outcomes that can result from untreated Hypertension

Answer 1

1. Pathological cardiac hypertrophy
2. Formation of cerebral aneurysms
3. Renal or afferent artery stenosis
4. Heart failure

Question 2

a single bout of Aerobic exercise will cause little change to _____ and increase _____

Answer 2

DBP

SBP

Question 3

What level RPE should be attained in strength training to decrease blood pressure

Answer 3

12-13

Question 4

List what should be included in a health screening before exercise of those with CVD?

Answer 4

• Medical history
• physical examination
• laboratory assessment (cholesterol)
• physiological testing (GXT)

Question 5

List positive outcomes of exercise in those with CAD

Answer 5

• structural and functional changes in myocardium
• reduces heart rate and blood pressure = reduced cardiac workload
• reduced anginal pain

Question 6

What is the most common symptom in PAD

Answer 6

Intermittent Claudication

Question 7

What should be the focus in exercise for those with PAD

Answer 7

Improve walking capacity

Question 8

What are risks or special considerations in PAD patients when exercising

Answer 8

• poor wound healing
• peripheral neuropathy (balance)
• increases bleeding risk
• at risk of AAA

Question 9

How is O2 consumption affected in PVD patients ?

Answer 9

O2 consumption 50% of that in normal individuals

Question 10

What exercise pattern should be used in PVD

Answer 10

Exercise-> rest and repeat

Symptom dependent

Question 11

Following a single bout of exercise, BP will ______ for _____ hours

Answer 11

Decrease

22 hours

Question 12

A combination of _____ training and _______ training should be performed by hypertensive patients

Answer 12

Aerobic

Weight

Question 13

List 5 benefits of exercise with COPD

Answer 13

1. CV reconditioning
2. Desensitisation to dsypnea
3. Increased muscular strength
4. improved body composition
5. Improved ventilator efficiency

Question 14

What should be the 4 goals of exercise for COPD patients

Answer 14

1. Optimise respiratory mechanics
2. Energy conservation during ADLs
3. Correct physical reconditioning
4. Desensitisation to dyspnea

Question 15

Why are warm-ups important for asthma patients

Answer 15

Refractory period

Question 16

List benefits of exercising for asthma patients

Answer 16

• Increased efficiency of oxygen delivery
• less production of lactic acid
• decreases ventilation

Question 17

List 5 ways to reduce risk of EIA

Answer 17

1. Monitor air flow with a peak flow meter
2. Avoid allergic triggers
3. Take medication before exercise
4. Warm and up cool down
5. Nasal breathing

Question 18

Testing considerations:

With individuals of middle age, present HTN and additional Coronary risk factors, what should be done on initial testing and why

Answer 18

Stress test, will show any heart abnormalities

Question 19

Vasodilatory effects from exercise can be due to what?

Answer 19

1. Body warming effects
2. Lactic acid or Nitric Oxide production
3. Decreased sympathetic activity
4. Hormone/receptor response

Question 20

Why could aerobic exercise be beneficial in HTN patients

Answer 20

It acts quickly to chronically reduce BP

Positive effects can be seen in 3 weeks

Question 21

How does resistance training effect blood pressure, give recommendations

Answer 21

Only has a modest effect

8-12 reps, single set of 8-10 exercises

Question 22

What should be considered for a warm up with those with hypertension

Answer 22

Slow warm up will reduce the chance of large BP increases

Question 23

An individual is taking Beta- blockers for their hypertension, why is this important to know ?

Answer 23

HR is no longer a reliable indicator of intensity

Question 24

Why should exercise be undertaken by those with CVD

Answer 24

• it is shown that exercise can stabilise or regress Atherosclerosis

Question 25

During a graded exercise test, how is intensity measured and what level should be reached ?

Answer 25

HR And it should reach 85% of age-predicted max.

Question 26

Why would a stress test not be used

Answer 26

Is their is presence of acute or unstable cardiac disease

Question 27

How should intensity be measured in CAD patients ? And why?

Answer 27

RPE Some may have reduced HR response

Question 28

What’s an important result and consideration of PVD patients ?

Answer 28

Peripheral Blood flow reduction

Question 29

PVD: | Walking should be a primary exercise for Aerobic training, what should be the intensity and how should it be scaled

Answer 29

Walking until the point of moderate claudication pain (4-5/10)

Question 30

What should be an aerobic exercise for PVD patients

Answer 30

- interval walking at maximum tolerable speed

Question 31

List two special considerations in PVD patients that should be monitored or noted

Answer 31

- monitor HR and BP | - peripheral neuropathy may be present

Question 32

How long should the exercise-rest pattern for walking be used in a session

Answer 32

35-50 minutes

Question 33

List cardiopulmonary tests used to test aerobic capacity

Answer 33

- VO2 peak - Peak HR - Work performance test - 6MWT - STS - incremental cycle or walking test - sub-maximal to predict VO2

Question 34

When prescribing interval or continuous endurance training to COPD patients, what should be used as an intensity scale

Answer 34

% of Baseline PWR

Question 35

A Borg RPE rating of 12-13, correlates to what score on the Dyspnea scale?

Answer 35

3

Question 36

When do COPD patients respond to exercise best ?

Answer 36

Mid to late morning

Question 37

What intensity scales should be used for COPD patients in aerobic training

Answer 37

RPE and Dyspnea Peak HR usually not reached

Question 38

What are two preventative causes for EIA

Answer 38

- cool and dry air | - Nasal vs mouth breathing

Question 39

State the three stage response to exercise in asthma

Answer 39

- Early phase response - recovery - refractory period