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Periodontal Instrumentation Final > Week 2 > Flashcards

Week 2 Flashcards

(62 cards)

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1
Q

what provides the support necessary to maintain teeth in function

A

normal periodontium

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2
Q

what are the four principal components that function together as a single unit?

A
  1. gingiva
  2. periodontal ligament
  3. cementum
  4. alveolar bone
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3
Q

what covers the alveolar bone and tooth root to a level just coronal to the CEJ?

A

normal gingiva

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4
Q

what are the types of gingiva

A
  1. marginal
  2. attached
  3. interdental
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5
Q

what is a terminal edge or border of the gingiva that surrounds the teeth in a “collarlike” fashion

A

marginal gingiva

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6
Q

what is marginal gingiva also called

A

unattached gingiva

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7
Q

how can you demarcate marginal gingiva from adjacent attached gingiva

A

free gingival groove

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8
Q

what is a shallow linear depression that is present 50% of the time

A

free gingival groove

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9
Q

how wide is marginal gingiva usually

A

1 mm

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10
Q

the marginal gingiva usually forms the soft tissue wall of what?

A

gingival sulcus

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11
Q

what is a shallow crevice around the tooth, is v shaped, and is bounded by surface of tooth and epithelium lining the free margin of gingiva?

A

gingival sulcus

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12
Q

what barely permits the entrance of the periodontal probe

A

gingiival sulcus

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13
Q

why is the histologic depth not the same as probe depth?

A

PD depends on probe diameter, probing force and level of inflammation presesnt

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14
Q

What is the probe depth of normal gingival sulcus?

A

2-3 mm

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15
Q

what gingiva is continuous with marginal gingiva

A

attached gingiva

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16
Q

what gingiva is firm, resilient, tightly bound to underlying periosteum?

A

attached gingiva

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17
Q

the facial aspect of attached gingiva extends to where?

A

loose movable alveolar mucosa called MUCOGINGIVAL JUNCTION

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18
Q

what is the width of attached gingiva

A

from mucogingival junction to bottom of gingival sulcus

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19
Q

is the width of attached gingiva the same as the width of keratinized gingiva?

A

NO.
KG includes marginal gingiva and attached gingiva

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20
Q

what gingiva occupies the gingival embrasure (interproximal space beneath area of the tooth contact)

A

interdental gingiva

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21
Q

shape of interdental gingiva

A

pyramidal or Col shaped

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22
Q

shape of interdental gingiva depends on what

A
  1. presence of absence of contact point between adjacent teeth
  2. distance between contact point and osseous crest
  3. presence or absence of recessison
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23
Q

are attached and marginal gingiva both stippled?

A

NO. attached is stippled, marginal gingiva is not.

also, not all attached gingiva is stippled, but only attached gingiva can be stippled

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24
Q

which tissues are keratinized? nonkeratinized?

A

keratinized: atttached and marginal
non: alveolar mucosa

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25
what is composed of complex vascular and highly cellular CT that surrounds the tooth root and connects it to the inner wall of alveolar bone?
perioidontal ligament
26
what is the average PDL space
0.2 mm
27
PDL space is smaller where?
teeth not in function and unerupted teeth
28
PDL space is larger where?
teeth subjected to hyperfunction
29
what shape are PDL? where is is narrowest?
hourglass shaped narrowest at region of axis of rotation (mid root)
30
what are PDL composed of
1. periodontal fibers 2. cellular elements 3. ground substance
31
describe PDL fibers
collagenous and arranged in bundles
32
where do the terminal portions of PDL fibers insert
cementum and bone (Sharpey's fibers)
33
what are the 6 groups of periodontal principal fibers
1. transseptal 2. alveolar crest 3. horizontal 4. oblique 5. apical 6. interradicular
34
what are the 4 types of cells in PDL
1. connective tissue cells 2. ECR 3. immune system cells 4. cells associiated with neurovascular elements
35
what are the most common connective tissue cells in PDL
fiibroblasts
36
what fills spaces between fibers and cells in PDL
ground substsance
37
what are the main components of ground substance
1. glycosaminoglycans 2. glycoproteins also contains HIGH water component (70%)
38
what are calcified masses wiithin PDL that are adherent or detached from root surfaces?
cementicles
39
PDL functions
1. physical 2. formative and remodeling 3. nutritional and sensory functioins
40
does PDL constantly undergo remodeling
YES
41
what are calcified avascular mesenchymal tissue that forms the outer covering of the anatomic root
cementum
42
types of cementum
1. acellular (primary) 2. cellular (secondary)
43
where does cementum have the greatest thickness
apical 1/3 and in furcations
44
what is a prominent thickening of the cementum, largely age related, and may be localized or affect entire dentition
hypercementosiis
45
what is the fusion of cementum and alveolar bone with obliteration of PDL, is relatively uncommon, and occurs most frequently with primary dentition
ankylosis
46
what is the portion of the maxilla and mandible that forms and supports the tooth socketts
alveolar bone
47
whatt forms as the tooth erupts to provide the osseous attachment to forming PDL
alveolar bone
48
what disappears gradually over time following loss of tooth
alveolar bone
49
what does the alveolar bone consist of
1. external cortical plate 2. inner socket wall 3. cancellous trabeculae 4. basal bone
50
what portions of alveolar bone are inorganic or organic
inorganic: 2/3 organic: 1/3
51
bone growth occurs via apposition of organic matrix that is deposited by ___
osteoblast
52
___ resorb bone
osteoclasts
53
what is the tissue that covers the outer surface of bone and needs to be removed during extraction
periosteum
54
what is the tissue that lines the internal bone cavitiies
endosteum
55
___ are isolated areas where the root is denuded of bone and the root surface is covered by periosteum and the overlying gingiiva. Marginal bone is still intact
fenestrations
56
once denuded surface areas extend thru marginal bone, the defect is called ___
dehiscence
57
what probe is divided into 3 mm segments
marquis periodontal probe
58
where should you start probing
distal proximal surface then move to mesial proximal area
59
how many recordings per tooth
6 - 3 on buccal, 3 on lingual
60
by walking the probe along the sulcus, you will be able to locate the ___ measurement from each area of the tooth
deepest
61
by walking the probe, you will get multiiple measurements, but only record which?
deepest in each area
62
what is the most common error in measuring pocket depths
improper angulation of probe, especially in interproximal area

Periodontal Instrumentation Final (5 decks)

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