Week 4 Flashcards
(46 cards)
what is the study of the distribution of a disease, in a defined population over a specific time and the variables that are in effect
epidemiology
what is the sum of all examined individuals or sites that exhibit the condition or disease of interest divided by the sum of the number of individuals or sites examined
prevalence
what is the probability that an individual or site will develop a particular condition or disease during follow up
risk
what is the probability than an event happened divided by the probabiliity that an event did not happen
odds
what is the number of disease occurrences per person/time or site/time
incidence rate
e.g. speedometer displays at any given time the number of miles being traveled per hour
what measures the severiity and quantity of gingival inflammatiion and only gingival tissues are assessed
gingival index GI
what are the scores of the gingival index and what does each represenst
0 = health/normal gingiva
1 = mild inflammatiton with no BOP
2 = moderate inflammatiion w BOP
3 = severe inflammation w spontaneous bleeding
what is the plaque index
- assess percentages of surfaces that have identifiable plaque
- DOES NOT TAKE INTO ACCOUNT AMOUNT OF SURFACE COVERED W PLAQUE
what is the bleeding index
asses percentage of tooth surfaces with gingival margin bleeding when probed
what are tangible outcomes that directly measusre how a pt feels, functions or survives (quality of life, self reported problems)
true endpoint
e.g. if pt brushes does it normally bleed
what endpoint is intangible to the pt, what are examples
surrogate endpoint
- anatomic measures - PD
- measures of inflammation - BOP
- microbiologic measurements OBJECTIVE IN NATURE - pt doesnt know different between 3.5 and 4 mm
type of study:
Outcome-Based Study
Subjects have the condition of interest
Compared to subjects without the condition
Determine suspected causal factors
case-control
type of study:
exposure-based study
subjeccts are free of disease
followed longitudinally for assessment of outcome
cohort studies
type of study:
assign patientts randomly to treattment group
monitor and assess the outcomess
randomized controlled trialss
what is the most reliable study design
randomized controlled trial
what percent of dental disease is plaque induced
95%
studies indicate that plaque levels of ___% will result in stability of periodontal health
10-15%
what percent of p. gingivalis is found in blood vessel plaques
26%
what is the common brush style on the market? why?
a flat, level surface and straight edge gives max surface contact for efficiency
are electric toothbrushes more beneficial than manual?
there is no beneficial effect in reducing gingivitis with electric toothbrushes currently
what is the most effective means of preventing and controlling infective periodontal, dental, and implant diseases?
eliminating the accumulation of dental biofilm on the teeth
what is the goal of the patient’s plaque removal
reduce the quantity of microorganisms, thus affecting virulence and concentration of toxins
T/F: the patient must be able to access the root for plaque removal
TRUE
motivation techniques
- sandwich
- 3 minute instruction and done
- repetition
- incremental
- show and tell
