Week 2 Flashcards
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOLOGY
What are (3) general uses of drugs?
- Replacing Body Deficiency
- Altering with Cell Function
- Ridding the Body of Invading Microbes or Abnormal Cells.
Things that are made inside the body in normal function are ________?
Endogenous
Things that are introduced from outside the body to fix or
replace a function are _________?
Exogenous
__________ is the branch of pharmacology concerned with the effects of drugs and
the mechanism of their action.
Pharmacodynamics
________ is the ability to bind to cell receptors
Affinity
____________ is the ability to stimulate cell receptors to produce action within the cell
Efficacy
_______________ is any compound that binds to specific cell receptors and produces a biological effect by stimulating these receptors.
Agonist
_________ is an agent that prevents natural substances from
stimulating receptors.
Antagonist
_________ Two drugs combined is greater than the effect expected if the individual effects of the two drugs independently were added together.
Synergism
___________ one drug that has no effect itself enhances the effect of a second drug.
Potentiation
__________ The result of neither drug giving the desired therapeutic effects.
Antagonism
____________ occur when the response elicited by the combined drugs equal to the combined response of the individual drug
Additivity
____________ the process in which two drugs interaction change the chemical properties of the drug
Drug Incompatibilities
____________ is the physiological reactions of the body to the drug. Observable and measurable
Drug Effect
(2) categories of drug effects are:
- Pharmacologic (what we want it to do)
- Non-Pharmacologic (what we don’t want it to do)
__________ is the drug effect is limited to the site of administration and that tissue surrounding it
Local effect
____________ means the drug can act and produce effect throughout the
body
Systemic effect
The main effect for which it was prescribed is referred to as _____________?
Therapeutic effect
____________ The effect that results from serum levels of a drug
rising above the therapeutic level
Toxic effect
_______________ The expected effect that occurs as a result of a drug building up inside the body instead of being metabolized and eliminated
- Accumulation can lead to drug toxicity and/or
over-production of the drug action.
Cumulative effects
______________ is an unexpected action that is specific to an individual, may be due to an individual’s genetic make-up.
Idiosyncratic reaction
_____________ is when the drug crosses placenta barrier and causes congenital abnormality or birth defect
Teratogenic
The body becomes so accustomed to a drug that the body cannot
function normally without the drug – cells cannot function without
the drug describes _____________________.
Physical drug dependence
produces a desire (not a compulsion) to continue taking drugs for
the sense of improved well-being is _____________.
Psychological dependence