week 2 Flashcards
(52 cards)
Spherical Earth
- plato was first to mention it briefly
Delphi
centre of the earth is
mount olympus
highest mountain in Greece and they believed that’s where the Gods lived.
(someone found that Olympus summit idnt have any gods so they moved mount olympus outside atmosphere where you could never go
Hades world
basically hell (everyone goes there?? after death???)
muddy people
(heracles exeption he is alone of mortal humans who makes it up to olympus)
Tartarus
Punishments happen / sin / tormented there
Sun
drives chariot accros the sky (east to west)
takes ride on golden cup that goes around the world to get back to east in the morning
North / boreas
boreas is the god of north wind
gods visit far south or far norht when on vacation
elements
the 4 make up everything that exists in different combonations
omg 5th element (ether) only exists in the outer realm
described as being some kind of combo of air and fire (kinda like plasma?) fatal to us, only the gods can cope with
they thrive in it.
3 kinds of beings
Gods:
- idealized human like bodies
- immortal
- resemble us both physically and morally
- they are only superior in physical power
Us:
- most important, the myths concern us most. the gods are only interesting because of what they tell us about ourselves
- all destined to die
Animals:
- motivated by strong sense of self interest
- difference is man is political and able to form communities
- we have modesty (capacity to feel shame) and justice (means giving ppl what you owe, proper morality)
- greeks were very upset by bees (monarchy and society)
Hybrids:
- Centaurs mostly
- share most stories with Heracles
- typically portrayed as male
hercules / heracles only man to become god ever.
examples of female people who gave message about supernatural world to humnas:
Muses (inspire poets)
- are daughters of memory
Sybils:
- live in southern italy
- wrote prophecies on reeves??
- Romans took them to rome and consult them in times of great crisis
- kind of like the oracle???
- were burned so none survived :(
STORY:
- truscany older than romans
- guy Tigaze / tarkiayze??? baby who looked like old man and found in plowing filed
- would tell veryone about the art of predicitng the future
- mirrors would be made of bronze, so they would decorate the back (very pretty)
- Tigaze is holding a liver of sacrificial animals on the back of one mirror
- the old baby gave it to them?
Heroes
no angels or saints but heroes who were slightly saints?
dead people that have died for some good and gained some supernatural power? if you sacrifice and pray to their grave they might help you out?
mind body brain spirit - thinking body parts
- soul isn’t used, soul was like a never ready battery SOOO nah
- life Force: more like soul basically (Anima)
- animac being / animated = alive
- romans believed that the thinking body part was the heart (cor)
(record, discord, etc.) - Romans pretty violent and cut of peoples heads, looked inside of them and figured out thats what thought pretty quick I think (ansiphilitus???)
encapylos??? called it whats in the head thing
greeks thought with their diaphragm aparantly (breathing and thinking was connected)
cave painters
Desert people from research:
belive that the surface of the rock is a veil / membrane that separated real world with spiritual so they painted on it to connect to it.
(maybe people back in cave days also believed this)
very often illustrations are animals (hunted animals typical)
connection between food and spirit
the gods in myth seem to take interest in our food. Ufo’s also steal cows and peoples food.
Archilous’ Cow STORY
his mother sent him to buy cow on fair, the muses took cow and gave him a guitar
when he got home, mom was mad
what do the muses want the cow for???
Baby Hermes Cow STORY
when he was born, went out of cradle
- stole herd of cows from big brother Apollo, creatively,
- killed some, about to cook them and then remembers oh wait i don’t eat this
Why does Apollo have cows????
cows
do they represent days of the year?
Some gods give us food as opposed to taking it from us
- Dionysus, Demeter, and Persephone
mind influence from gods
gods can influence our minds (aka to pour somthin ginto our minds to alter them)
menos
- (power and excitement)
ate
- (compulsion to self destructive madness)
Polytheism
- many gods (pretty upbeat and happy)
- some malevolent (chthonic) lived beneath the earth
sculptures of them doing different things to differentiate them
Pindar says that essentially gods and humans are the same kind and come from same “mother”
Monotheism
not always that simple
Incarnationalism
idea that there is only one god BUT they can never talk to us, too big and could prob blow us up
- small gods that can talk to us? or something
Encosmic: gods manifesting
Henotheism
- you pick which god you like most and worship them
BUT you must not put down another god to boost your own god.
theistic monotheism
- god has created the world and he did that cuz he loves it (its his baby) hes emotionally invested
- nothing bad can happen to gods baby aka the world
diesm
OR some say gods created universe and then abandoned it
many different worlds cuz many gods, when theyre done with it they drop it from mount olympus
