week 2

Question 1

how many “parts” does the nervous system have?

Answer 1

two.

the central nervous system and the peripharal nervous system

Question 2

what are the major parts of the central nervous system?

Answer 2

spinal cord and brain

Question 3

what are the major parts of the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 3

the 12 pairs of cranial nerves

the 31 pairs of spinal nerves and all their branches

Question 4

what kind of messages does the peripheral nervous system carry and in what direction(s)?

Answer 4

carries afferent or sensory messages TO the CNS from sensory receptors

carries efferent or motor messages FROM the CNS out to the muscles and glands

carries autonomic messages that govern internal organs and blood vessels

Question 5

what is the primary function of the meninges?

Answer 5

the primary function of the meninges and of the cerebrospinal fluid is to protect the CNS

Question 6

what are the three kinds of meninges?

Answer 6

dura
arachnoid
pia mater

Question 7

why does the cerebral cortex look like grey matter?

Answer 7

because it lacks myelin (white insulation on axon)

Question 8

where is the cerebral cortex located?

Answer 8

it is the outer layer of nerve cell bodies on the cerebrum

Question 9

what is myelin?

Answer 9

it is the white insulation on the axon that increases the conduction velocity of nerve impulses

Question 10

what does the cerebral cortex (aka cerebrum) govern?

Answer 10

the center for humans' highest function
thought
memory
reasoning
sensation
voluntary movement

Question 11

what are each half of the cerebrum (cerebral cortex) called?

Answer 11

hemispheres

Question 12

how many lobes is each hemisphere of the cerebrum (cerebral cortex) divided into?

Answer 12

four lobes: frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital

Question 13

what are the functions that the frontal lobe mediates?

Answer 13

personality
behaviour
emotions
intellectual functions

**precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe initiates voluntary movement

Question 14

what is the function that the parietal lobe mediates?

Answer 14

sensation

**postcentral gyrus is located in parietal lobe and is the center for sensation

Question 15

what is the function that the occipital lobe mediates?

Answer 15

visual reception

hint : think ocular // occipital

Question 16

what are the functions the temporal lobe mediates?

Answer 16

the temporal lobe, which is behind the ear mediates:
hearing // primary auditory receptor centre
taste
smell

Question 17

what is the Wernicke’s area?

Answer 17

an area in the temporal lobe that is associated with language comprehension.

Question 18

when damage has been done to an individual’s Wernicke’s are what kind of aphasia results?

Answer 18

Receptive Aphasia
-an aphasia where the person hears sounds but they are unable to assign meaning. it is like hearing a foreign language all the time

Question 19

where is the wernicke’s area located?

Answer 19

in the temporal lobe

Question 20

where is the broca’s area found?

Answer 20

in the frontal lobe

Question 21

what does the Broca’s area mediate?

Answer 21

motor speech

Question 22

what kind of aphasia results from injury to Broca’s area?

Answer 22

expressive aphasia

• an aphasia where a person can not talk, but are able to comprehend what is said to them.
• when trying to speak, often sounds garbled