Week 2 Flashcards
(13 cards)
StoneHenge
Neolithic, ca. 2500-1600 BCE
England
Megalithic architecture - huge stone architecture. Stone brought in from far away.
Scaffolding system used to lift top rocks onto rock columns. Have rock laying on main scaffolding while using smaller scaffolding to lift the rock, build up the main scaffolding around the rock being lifted
Aligned according to summer solstice
Avebury Stonehenge
Neolithic, ca. 2600 BCE
Large enough to contain whole village, 10x size of Stonehenge
Stones not exactly square
Silbury Hill
ca. 2400 BCE
England
Man made mound using solid chalk and clay in a step pyramid design
Most likely served as a signaling and observation tower
White Temple Ziggurat
ca. 3300-3000 BCE
Sumerian
Administrative tasks, religious uses
Bigger and bigger through continued construction. Saw gods and goddesses above them, built bigger to reach them.
Temple dedicated to god, Anu.
Oriented to cardinal direction
Bull Head Harp
ca. 2550-2400 BCE
Sumerian, wood with gold, shell, and lapis lazuli
Found in the tomb of a past king
Includes Register with epic f Gilgamesh
Beard made from Lapis, an expensive material found in Afghanistan
Victory Stele of Naram-sin
ca. 2254-2218 BCE
Akkadian, limestone
Erected by Akkadian ruler to show the victory over the Zagros Mountain people
Warning to those who might rebel against the Akkadians.
Hierarchy of scale - large king figure with more weapons and longer beard. Troops shown advancing up the mountain
Votive Figure
ca. 2700 BCE
Sumerian, limestone, alabaster, and gypsum
Statues made to worship the gods in the patron’s place
Eyes made of layered shells. Open wide
Stele of Hammurabi
1780 BCE
Babylonian
Diorite
First written code of law in history
Nature of laws are tit-for-tat. Punishment based on severity of crime. Death is a common theme for the punishments.
Image showing Hamurabe and the sun god who is holding rope and rod. Hamurabe is shown as intermediary for the god of justice.
Nanna Ziggurat
2100 BCE
Sumerian
Includes ZIggurat
Lamassu
883-859 BCE
Assyrian
alabaster
Located at entryway. Three times the size of a human. shown in twisted perspective
Serves as apotropheic device, wards off evil.
Composite body - human head, eagle wing, lion/bull body
Assurbanipal and His Queen in the Garden
647BCE
Assyrian
Alabaster, relief carving
Asyrian royalty dining on beds. Served by servants.
Head of their enemies hung on the trees. dinner celebrating a recent victory.
Ishtar Gate and Throne Room
575BCE
Babylonian
Glazed Brick
Double gate, dramatic entryway to influence those approaching gate
Crenelations - provides protection from arrows for defenders
Glazed bricks with 3-dimensional animals using protrusions on the bricks
Ceremonial Complex of Persepolis
521-465BCE
Persian
Ceremonial structure complex. Not defensive. Large pillars will military decorations.
Large because each king add something new to the complex
Setup high on a terrace
