Week 2

Question 1

Define energy metabolism

Answer 1

Energy metabolism is the process of generating energy (ATP) from nutrients

Question 2

Define enzyme

Answer 2

• A substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction

Question 3

Nutrients are provided in the form of what macrionutrients

Answer 3

carbohydrates (CHO), fats (FAT), and proteins (PRO)

Question 4

Define calorie

Answer 4

the amount of heat energy required to raise 1 gram of water by 1c (from 14.5c to 15.5c)

Question 5

What is the conversion between kcal and kJ

Answer 5

1 kcal = 4.184kJ

Question 6

Carbohydrate consist of what atoms

Answer 6

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen

Question 7

What is carbohydrates converted to

Answer 7

glucose (cellular respiration) or glycogen (liver and muscle storage)

Question 8

what is carbohydrates stored as

Answer 8

Glycogen

Question 9

Glycolysis yields what?

Answer 9

2 x ATP, 2 x pyruvic acid and 2 x NADH

Question 10

3 types of fats

Answer 10

Simple
Compound
Derived

Question 11

Function of fats

Answer 11

Energy source and reserve

- Protection of vital organs 
- Thermal insulation 
- Vitamin carrier and hunger suppressor 
- Hormone production

Question 12

Fat is used in what metabolism

Answer 12

Aerobic Oxidative metabolism

Question 13

Protein contains what molecules

Answer 13

Nitrogen
carbon
hydrogen
oxygen

Question 14

Protein functions

Answer 14

• Act as biological catalysts, form structural parts of organisms, participate in cell signal and recognition factors, and act as molecules of immunity

Question 15

What are the 3 major sources of body protein

Answer 15

• Blood plasma
  
  • Visceral tissue
  • Muscle

Question 16

Explain protein metabolism

Answer 16

• Process of deamination (nitrogen removal) forms urea which leaves body as urine

Question 17

What biochemical routes do the remaining carbon skeletons follow

Answer 17

Gluconeogenesis
Energy source
Fat synthesis

Question 18

Where is carbs stored

Answer 18

Liver

skeletal muscle

Question 19

What are the three energy systems

Answer 19

he ATP - PCr system (ATP and creatine phosphate)
- The glycolytic system (glycolysis)
The oxidative system ( oxidative phosphorylation)