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week 2 - anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

anterior

A

front

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2
Q

posterior

A

back

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3
Q

medial

A

towards the midline

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4
Q

lateral

A

away from the midline

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5
Q

superior

A

top

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6
Q

inferior

A

bottom

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7
Q

deep

A

inside more

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8
Q

superficial

A

closer to the surface

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9
Q

proximal

A

close to the joint

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10
Q

distal

A

further from the joint

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11
Q

ipsilateral

A

belonging to or occuring on the same side of the body

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12
Q

contralateral

A

belonging to or occuring on the opposite side of the body

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13
Q

major joints

A

glenohumeral/shoulder, shoulder girdle/scapulae, spine/trunk, elbow, wrist/radioulnar, hip, knee, ankle

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14
Q

flexion

A

bending movement that decreases the angle between a segment and its proximal segment

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15
Q

flexion

A

a straightening movement that increases the angle between body parts

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16
Q

abduction

A

the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body

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17
Q

adduction

A

the movement of a limb toward the midline of the body or toward another part

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18
Q

plantar flexion

A

movement of the foot in a downward motion away from the body

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19
Q

dorsiflexion

A

movement of the foot upwars, so that the foot is closer to the shin

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20
Q

supination

A

rotation of the forearm and hand so that the palm faces forward or upward

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21
Q

pronation

A

rotation of the hand and forearm so that the palm faces backwards or downwards

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22
Q

circumduction

A

movement of a limb or extremity so that the distal end describes a circle while the proximal end remains fixed

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23
Q

horizontal abduction

A
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24
Q

horizontal adduction

A
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25
lateral flexion
26
interal rotation
27
external rotation
28
inveersion
29
eversion
30
retraction
31
protraction
32
elevation
33
depression
34
concentric phase
struggle phase
35
eccentric phase
relax phase
36
agonist
prime mover
37
antagonist
opposing group
38
synergist
provide support and prevent unwanted movement
39
stabilizers
help stabilize body during movement
40
elbow
can do flexion and extension because it is a hinge joint
41
neck
flexion/extension, circumduction, right and left rotatio
42
trunk
lateral flexion, left and right rotation, flexion and extension
43
shoulder
flexion and extension, ab/adduction, internal and external rotation, circumduction, horizontal ab/adduction
44
forearm
supination and pronation
45
shoulder girdle
elevation and depression, retraction and protraction, upward rotation or ab/adduction
46
wrist
circumduction, flexion/extension, ab/adduction
47
hip
flexion/extension, circumduction, ad/adduction, internal/external rotation
48
knee
flexion and extension
49
ankle
circumduction, plantar flexion/dorsiflexion, eversion/inversion
50
pectoralis major
horizontal adduction of the glenohumeral joint - attaches at the sternum and clavicle, connects the the humerus
51
pectoralis minor
scapular protraction - deep to the pectoralis major, connects rib cage up to your scapula and causes protraction
52
rectus abdominis
trunk flexion - connects to the pelvis and sternum/ribcage area, fibers run vertically
53
ex/in obliques
trunk rotation and flexion - separate muscles that fun in a cross hatch, sloping downwards and across, form a girdle near the stomach, connect into the ribcage and pelvis
54
transversus abdominis
trunk rotation - attaching to ribs and pelvis, runs horizontally across torso abdomen area, deeper core muscle provides more stability in core movements
55
serratus anterior
scapular rotation and stabilization - attaches into ribcage and attaches to scapula
56
iliopsoas
hip flexion - illiacus = iliac crest of pelvis and femur - hip flexion - psoas major = attaches from lumbar spine crosses hips and attaches to femur - hip flexion
57
pectinieus
hip flexion - pelvis into femur, deep to the quadriceps
58
adductors
longus, brevis, magnus, pectinieus, gracilis
59
gracilis
hip adduction
60
sartorius
longest muscle in the body - hip flecion, external rotation of the thigh, hip abduction, assists with knee flecion
61
quadriceps
knee extension
62
tibialis anterior
ankle dorsiflexion
63
middle trap
retraction/adduction of scapula
64
upper trap
elevation
65
lower trap
depression
66
latissimus dorsi
shoulder adduction and extension
67
rhomboids
scapular retraction
68
posterior deltoids
- horizontal shoulder abduction
69
erector spinae
trunk extension
70
posterior deltoids
shoulder extension, horizontal abduction of shoulder, external rotation
71
rotator cuffs
infraspinatus = external rotation supraspinatus = initiate abduction teres minor = external rotation
72
posterior deltoids
horizontal abduction, extension
73
triceps
elbow extension
74
adductor magnus
hip adduction
75
hamstrings
knee flexion
76
gastrocnemius
ankle plantar flexion
77
soleus
anke plantar flexion
78
glutes
hip extension, hip rotation
79
piriformis
lateral hip rotation, sacrum to femur
80
iliotibial band
connective tissue lateral edge of thigh
81
the squat
joints involved = knees, hips, ankles plane of movement = sagittal primary movers = glutes, quags, gastrocnemius, soleus, and hamstrings stabilizers - transverse abdominis joint and muscle action - the primary muscles have to shorten, hip extension, knee extension and ankle plantar flexion

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