Week 2: CH 6 Flashcards
What is the first part of a pediatric assessment?
History
What is the general assessment rule for young children?
Foot-to-head & out-to-in sequence allows least distressing parts of the exam first
What is the general assessment rule for older children?
A more traditional head-to-toe traditional approach is easily tolerated by older children
Developmental approach to newborn/infant less than 6 months
Keep the parents close by, allow normal activities that don’t interfere (holding, pacifier), alter the exam sequence as necessary
Developmental approach to infants greater than 6 months
Examine the patient in the parent’s lap
Developmental approach to toddlers
Keep family present, demonstrate instruments, do no ask (offer choice of spot/reward)
Developmental approach to preschoolers
Assess child’s willingness to be separated from parent, allow child to examine equipment, allow choices when possible, use distraction
Developmental approach of school age
Let them help, normal head-to-toe is appropriate, teach them during the exam
Developmental approach in adolescents
Modesty is the most important part, conduct exam without parent present, build rapport and ask private questions, have a chaperone present during genitalia
Neonate HR awake
100-180
Infant HR awake
100-160
Toddler HR awake
80-110
Preschool HR awake
70-110
School age HR awake
65-110
Adolescent HR awake
60-90
Where to observe respirations under 6 years old?
abdomen
Where to observe adolescent respirations?
chest wall
Infant respiratory rate
30-60
Toddler respiratory rate
24-40
Preschool respiratory rate
22-34
School age respiratory rate
18-30
Adolescent respiratory rate
12-16
Where to get temperature in children less than 4 years old?
axillary
Abnormal temperatures
Less than 36.5 or greater than 38
