Week 2 Jeopardy Flashcards
(29 cards)
What type of bacteria are aminoglycosides primarily effective against?
Aerobic gram negative
What property must a drug have to penetrate lipid membranes?
Lipid soluble
How do drugs typically cross the placenta?
Diffusion
What are the three processes involved in renal excretion?
- Glomerular filtration
- Tubular reabsorption
- Tubular secretion
What does the half-life of a drug determine?
Dosing interval
If morphine has a 3-hour half-life and 2 mg is administered, what is the drug amount remaining after 9 hours?
0.25
Where do drugs attach to exert their effects?
Receptors
What is maximal efficacy?
Maximal therapeutic effect a drug can produce
According to the modified occupancy theory, agonists have high affinity and _______.
High intrinsic activity
How do antagonists produce their effects?
Prevent activation of receptors
What does a loading dose of caffeine rapidly produce?
Plateau (and therapeutic) level
Ototoxicity is related to excessive _______ levels rather than excessive peak levels.
Trough
Why do penicillins have no host cell effects?
We don’t have a cell wall like bacteria
What does broad spectrum promote in terms of bacterial resistance?
Most resistant
What is a common mechanism of resistance for cephalosporins?
Beta lactamases
What is the safest drug for systemic fungal infections?
Fluconazole
What is the mechanism of action for most antifungals?
Makes holes and leaks in cell wall
What is Ganciclovir used to treat?
CMV
What are the side effects of Ganciclovir?
- Neutropenia
- Thrombocytopenia
What is Beyfortus used for?
RSV protection
What type of antibodies does Beyfortus provide?
Passive antibodies given to the baby
What is Acyclovir indicated for?
- HSV
- Herpes zoster
What type of medication should be given IV due to low bioavailability?
Med with low bioavailability
What does it mean if a medication is highly protein bound?
Bound to albumin
