Week 2 - Microbiology

Question 1

A micro-organism that causes disease

Answer 1

Pathogen

Question 2

Unicellular organism that does not require living tissue to survive

Answer 2

Bacteria

Question 3

A micro-organisms that can only reproduce inside a host cell

Answer 3

Virus

Question 4

Presence and multiplication of micro-organism that is not yet causing disease

Answer 4

Colonisation

Question 5

Spore-bearing eukaryotic micro-organism

Answer 5

Fungi

Question 6

Single-cell micro-organism that reproduce asexually by cell division

Answer 6

Protozoa

Question 7

Parasitic intestinal worm

Answer 7

Helminth

Question 8

Infection by a non-pathogenic organism that has become pathogenic

Answer 8

Opportunistic Infection

Question 9

A generic term for the ability of a pathogen to cause disease

Answer 9

Virulence

Question 10

Infection that develops during hospitalisation

Answer 10

Nosocomial Infection

Question 11

The invasion of the body’s tissues by pathogenic agents

Answer 11

Infection

Question 12

A chemical agent that inhibit growth or kill microbes

Answer 12

Anti-microbials

Question 13

A chemical agent used to manage infection caused by pathogenic bacteria

Answer 13

Antibiotics

Question 14

Antimicrobial substances that are applied to tissue/skin to reduce the possibility of infection

Answer 14

Antiseptics

Question 15

Capacity of microbes to cause disease

Answer 15

Pathogenicity

Question 16

Rod-shaped bacteria

Answer 16

Bacilli

Question 17

Spherical-shaped bacteria

Answer 17

Cocci

Question 18

Wavy-shaped bacteria

Answer 18

Spiral

Question 19

Bacteria arranged into irregular clusters

Answer 19

Staph

Question 20

Bacteria arranged into chain clusters

Answer 20

Strep

Question 21

Bacteria arranged into pair clusters

Answer 21

Diplo

Question 22

Usually produced from gram+ bacteria, very toxic, protein substance

Answer 22

Exotoxin

Question 23

Present in the cell wall of gram- bacteria, liposaccaride; very toxic

Answer 23

Endotoxin

Question 24

The primary method of reproduction of bacteria

Answer 24

Binary fission

Question 25

Bacteria that give a + result in the gram stain test, due to their thick peptidoglycan cell wall

Answer 25

Gram+

Question 26

Bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain as they have a thin peptidoglycan cell wall

Answer 26

Gram-

Question 27

Tiny hairlike structures to assist in attachment of bacteria to tissue and share genetic material

Answer 27

Pili

Question 28

A method of staining used to differentiate bacterial species into 2 large groups (gram- and gram+)

Answer 28

Gram staining

Question 29

Bacteria that can live and grow in the presence of oxygen

Answer 29

Aerobic

Question 30

Bacteria that can live and grow in the absence of oxygen

Answer 30

Anaerobic

Question 31

Pathogen that remains confined to a location

Answer 31

Local infection

Question 32

Infection spreads to many sites, typically through the circulation

Answer 32

Systemic infection

Question 33

Multiplication of pathogens in the blood

Answer 33

Septicemia

Question 34

A life-threatening condition that arises when the body's response to infection injures its own tissues and organs

Answer 34

Sepsis

Question 35

Presence of bacteria in the blood

Answer 35

Bacteremia

Question 36

Presence of bacteria toxins in the blood

Answer 36

Toxemia

Question 37

Presence of viruses in the blood

Answer 37

Viremia

Question 38

Infection and clinical manifestations caused by single pathogen type

Answer 38

Primary infection

Question 39

Infection caused by pathogen other than that in primary infection, usually opportunistic

Answer 39

Secondary infection

Question 40

Does not cause any apparent clinical manifestations

Answer 40

Subclinical infection

Question 41

Refers to the time between pathogen entry and first appearance of clinical manifestations

Answer 41

Incubation phase

Question 42

Time taken when an infected person will start to feel sick and fatigued

Answer 42

Prodromal phase

Question 43

Infection obvious, clinical manifestations peak

Answer 43

Acute phase