Week 2: Racial and Health Disparities

Question 1

What are the 5 categories of social determinants of health?

Answer 1

Economic Stability
Education
Social and Community Context
health/ health care  
neighborhood and built environment

Question 2

What are the subcategories of: economic stability?

Answer 2

employment
food insecurity
housing instability
poverty

Question 3

what are subcategories of education?

Answer 3

early childhood education and development
enrollment in higher education
high school graduation
language and literacy

Question 4

What are subcategories of social and community context?

Answer 4

civic participation
discrimination
incarceration
social cohesion

Question 5

what are subcategories of health and health care?

Answer 5

access to health care
access to primary care
health literacy

Question 6

What are subcategories of neighborhood and build environment?

Answer 6

access to foods that support healthy eating patterns
crime and violence
environmental conditions
quality of housing

Question 7

What is social vulnerability?

Answer 7

The inability of people, organizations and societies to withstand adverse impacts to hazards due to characteristics inherent in social interactions, institutions, and systems of cultural values

Question 8

social vulnerability is linked to the:

Answer 8

level of well being of individuals, communities and societies

Question 9

What does the social vulnerability index use to determine the relative social vulnerability of every census tract?

Answer 9

The U.S. Census Data

Question 10

What are provider issues correlated with cultural competence on clinical outcomes?

Answer 10

1. providers miss opportunities for screening because they are not familiar with prevalence of conditions among certain minority groups
2. providers may fail to take into account different responses to medications
3. providers may lack knowledge about traditional remedies, leading to harmful drug interactions
4. Providers may make diagnostic errors resulting in miscommunication
5. providers may order fewer diagnostic tests for patients of different cultural backgrounds because they may not understand or believe the patient’s description of symptoms. Alternatively, providers may order more diagnostic tests to compensate for not understanding what their patients are saying.

Question 11

Simplified: what is the impact of cultural competence of clinical outcomes regarding patient issues?

Answer 11

1. providers may miss things if they aren’t familiar with prevalence of condition
2. providers may not take different responses to different meds in to account
3. providers may not know about traditional remedies, which can lead to D - D interactions
4. Providers make diagnostic errors
5. providers may order FEWER diagnostic tests for those of different cultural backgrounds or may order MORE diagnostic tests if there is a language barrier

Question 12

What is the impact of cultural competence of clinical outcomes regarding patient issues?

Answer 12

1. fear of not being understood
2. lack of adherence to medical advice due to lack of trust or understanding
3. feelings of vulnerability
4. confusion around physical therapy and healthcare delivery

Question 13

How does a language barrier effect cultural competence on clinical outcomes?

Answer 13

1. language barriers have fewer physician visits and reduced receipt of preventative services
2. It creates higher rates of diagnostic tests
3. those with limited English proficiency have lower satisfaction but it improves with an interpreter
4. When there is a language barrier, more people are more likely to miss appointments or drop out of treatment