Week 20 Flashcards
(44 cards)
What are the main macronutrient requirements for humans?
The main macronutrient requirements are proteins, carbohydrates, and fats, each serving distinct physiological roles.
Why are proteins important in the human diet?
Proteins are essential for growth, tissue repair, and the functioning of enzymes and hormones.
What are common dietary sources of protein?
Common sources include meat, dairy, legumes, nuts, and fish.
Why are carbohydrates important?
Carbohydrates are a primary energy source for the body, particularly for the brain and muscles.
What are typical carbohydrate-rich foods?
Foods like rice, bread, pasta, fruits, and vegetables are rich in carbohydrates.
What does the slide ‘Scale of Nutrient Requirements’ suggest?
It indicates the growing global demand for food due to population growth and dietary changes.
Which countries dominate global agriculture production?
Countries like the USA, China, Brazil, and India are major producers of agricultural goods.
What characterizes Texan cattle ranching?
Large-scale cattle operations with significant land use and export-oriented meat production.
What is aquaculture?
Aquaculture is the farming of fish, crustaceans, and other aquatic organisms for food.
What trends are shown in global aquaculture?
Aquaculture is rapidly increasing to meet seafood demand and relieve pressure on wild fish stocks.
How has agriculture land usage changed from 0 to 2020 AD?
Agricultural land per person has decreased due to population growth and urbanization.
What are aeroponics and hydroponics?
They are soil-less farming methods using air or nutrient-rich water solutions to grow plants.
How can genetic modification increase agricultural yield?
Genetically modified crops can be designed for pest resistance, drought tolerance, and higher productivity.
What human activities disrupt global food production?
War, trade restrictions, pollution, and deforestation can negatively impact food systems.
What does the slide on ‘Wheat Futures 2020–2023’ show?
It shows how global events can cause volatility in food commodity prices like wheat.
How does climate change impact global food production?
Climate change alters rainfall, increases extreme weather, and affects crop viability worldwide.
What is a balanced diet?
A balanced diet includes the correct proportions of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, fibre, and water needed to maintain health.
What role do proteins play in the body?
Proteins are essential for growth, repair of tissues, and the production of enzymes and hormones.
What are carbohydrates used for in the body?
Carbohydrates are the body’s main source of energy.
What evidence supports the ‘5 a day’ fruit and vegetable recommendation?
Studies show that consuming 5 portions a day lowers the risk of heart disease, stroke, and some cancers.
Why are lipids important in the diet?
Lipids provide energy, insulation, and support cell membrane function.
What are the roles of vitamins and minerals?
Vitamins and minerals are micronutrients essential for various bodily functions like bone health, immune support, and blood clotting.
What is malnutrition?
Malnutrition is a condition that results from eating a diet that is not balanced, which includes both undernutrition and overnutrition.
What are the main types of malnutrition?
Undernutrition, micronutrient-related malnutrition, and overnutrition including overweight and obesity.
