WEEK 3

Question 1

what are the 3 types of camera sensors?

Answer 1

• film
• analog
• digital

Question 2

what was the og camera sensor?

*hint on our body :)

Answer 2

human eye - the retina

• light was registered by rods behind the retina

Question 3

what are the 3 main colours of cone receptors!?

Answer 3

red green and blue

Question 4

rods are sensitive to __________

Answer 4

light

Question 5

cones are sensitive to ____________

Answer 5

colour

Question 6

lights is registered by 2 different things what are they?

Answer 6

cones and rods!

Question 7

gelatin solution, contains bromide and silver nitrate

Answer 7

film

Question 8

in film: smaller crystals = more clean and ______ grain

more or less

Answer 8

less grain

Question 9

in film: larger crystals = more sensitive to light and ______grain

more or less

Answer 9

more grain

Question 10

what does CCD stadn for

Answer 10

charge coupled device

Question 11

*invented 1969
*converts light into a voltage
*power hungry

Answer 11

CCD/charge coupled device

Question 12

-Light hits silver crystals and when developed, block light to form images

-Only available sensitive for 2 color temps (indoor/daylight)

-NO WHITE BALANCE ADJUSTMENT

-Shooting on film lets you choose film stock with specific ISO

-Cheaper to purchase

Answer 12

FILM

Question 13

the first camera began as ______&________

Answer 13

black and white

*then progressed to RGB color, used in studio

Question 14

• Converts intensity of light to a voltage
• Amplifies it on sensor itself

-Captures things in line-by-line pattern (rolling shutter)

-Uses Bayer pattern filter: square of 4: 2 green, 1 blue, 1 red

Answer 14

CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)

Question 15

used to adjust colours to match the colour of the light source so that white objects appear white

Answer 15

white balance

Question 16

how sensitive camera is to light

Answer 16

iso/gain

Question 17

what is gain measured in?

Answer 17

dB (0dB means zero gain number increases as gain increases)

Question 18

Cameras with higher base ISO are ______________ sensitivie to light

more or less

Answer 18

more (require less light to record well exposed, noiseless image)

Question 19

_________________ISO or gain from base setting (0dB) will decrease signal to noise ratio (results in noisier picture)

increasing or decreasing

Answer 19

increasing

Question 20

counted using number of pixels in an image

Answer 20

the resolution

Question 21

the process of turning each group of primary colours 2x2 into a single light and the colour resulting in a pixel

Answer 21

de-mosaic process

Question 22

larger the sensor ________ the depth of view

*smaller or larger

Answer 22

smaller or shallower

Question 23

dimensions of the frame shown (ratio of the rectangle)

Answer 23

aspect ratio

Question 24

what is the most common aspect ratio?

Answer 24

16:9

Question 25

explain frame rate?

Answer 25

nothing is actually moving its just frames per second *Human eye only sees 12 fps, if faster than that our brain blurs images together

Question 26

Why don’t we use 24 fps in video/television?

Answer 26

Due to interlacing: splitting the image into 2 images, each containing half the info, played back in rapid succession

Question 27

what is the standard for frame rate PAL?

Answer 27

25 fps

Question 28

one field is scanned (odd lines first, then even lines), see them as single frame when played in rapid succession

Answer 28

interlaced

Question 29

each line is scanned top to bottom sequentially

Answer 29

progressive

Question 30

what is rec run in recording?

Answer 30

- TC starts running when we hit record, stops when recording stops - Common in single cam production

Question 31

what is free run in recording?

Answer 31

- TC is continuously running regardless of recording or not - Food for documentaries, etc with multi cam (set to time of day, can sync all videos)

Question 32

what type of equipment is this? Adjustable legs Heads- fluid and gear heads Allows for pan and tilt motions Fluid: ease and portability Gear: allows for more precision, quick start and stop movements

Answer 32

TRIPOD

Question 33

what type of equipment is this? allow for dolly in/out, truck left/right, and ped up/down

Answer 33

pedestals

Question 34

allow for dolly in/out, truck left/right and arc, have built in pedestals

Answer 34

dolly

Question 35

telescopic and non-telescopic, allows jib up/down

Answer 35

jib

Question 36

when cameras are genlocked their shutters all fire at the same time!

Answer 36

genlock

Question 37

rate at which frames are played back

Answer 37

timebase

Question 38

the rate at which frames are recorded

Answer 38

frame rate

Question 39

not enough chroma? desaturated or saturated?

Answer 39

desaturated

Question 40

colourful :) desaturated or saturated?

Answer 40

saturated baby ;)