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Clinical Exercise Biochemistry > Week 3 > Flashcards

Week 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What structure is DNA?

A

Double helix

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2
Q

What structure is RNA?

A

Single helix

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3
Q
A
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4
Q

What does DNA and RNA have in common?

A

They are both bipolymers of nucleotides

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5
Q

What is mitosis?

A

Cell division

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6
Q

What is mRNA?

A

Messenger RNA

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7
Q

What is rRNA?

A

Ribosomal RNA

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8
Q

What is tRNA?

A

Transfer RNA

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9
Q

What does proteins having specific peptide sequences that guide them to specific locations cause?

A

Cell release and Organelle traffic

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10
Q

How many protein molecules are in a cell?

A

42 million

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11
Q

What are amino acids determined by?

A

Genetic code

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12
Q

What are amino acids joined covalently by?

A

Peptide bonds

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13
Q

What does the primary structure of a protein do?

A

Its the main determiner of protein shape and function

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14
Q

What does the secondary structure of a protein do?

A

Allows peptides to fold in complex ways

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15
Q

What does the tertiary structure of a protein do?

A

Allows confirmation of an entire polypeptide chain

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16
Q

What is a Van Der Waals interaction?

A

A non covalent attraction due to movement of ions in atomic/molecular orbitals

17
Q

What does the quaternary structure of a protein do?

A

Allow subunits to come together

18
Q

What factors affect denaturation?

A

Temperature/Acidity

19
Q

What is the importance of protein folding?

A

Unfolded/misfolded proteins may contribute to the pathology of many diseases

20
Q

What is an enzyme?

A

Biological catalyst

21
Q

What are the 3 main common features of enzymes?

A

Speed up reactions, High specificity, Regulated catalytic power

22
Q

What system is the active site usually?

A

Lock and key system

23
Q

What factors can affect an enzyme reaction?

A

Increasing substrate, Increasing concentration, Temp/pH

Clinical Exercise Biochemistry (6 decks)

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